Biofortified sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the foods with the highest contributions of carotenoids in the diet, especially provitamin A carotenoids. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the drying kinetics of the biofortified sweet potato pulp using the Akaike (AIC) and Schwarz's Bayesian (BIC) information criteria for model selection, as well as determine the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy under different drying conditions. The biofortified sweet potatoes were sliced into chips and submitted to drying in an air circulation oven at 1.0 m s −1 at temperatures of 45, 55, 65, and 75 °C until constant mass. The mathematical models Wang and Singh, Verma, Thompson, Page, Newton, Midilli et al., logarithmic, Henderson and Pabis, two-term exponential, two-term, diffusion approach, frequently used to predict the drying of vegetal products, were adjusted to the data. The Wang and Singh model was selected to represent the drying of the biofortified sweet potato pulp by exhibiting the best adjustment for most conditions. The AIC and BIC criteria were suitable for selecting the Wang and Singh model. The effective diffusion coefficient increased as drying air temperature increase and the activation energy for liquid diffusion was 29.18 kJ mol −1 .

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RESUMO.O presente projeto foi desenvolvido na Faculdade de Engenharia -Unesp, Campus de Ilha Solteira, no município de Ilha Solteira, Estado de São Paulo. Estudou-se o comportamento do ambiente em duas condições de ambiente protegido, com cobertura plástica do solo e em solo nu. Avaliaram-se as médias, por quinquídio, dos valores médios, máximos e mínimos diários de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. As médias, por quinquídio, dos: valores médios diários de déficit de saturação de vapor d'água; dos totais diários de densidade de fluxo de radiação; das transmitâncias à radiação, em cada abrigo e as regressões lineares para estimativa dos totais diários de radiação no interior dos abrigos, em função do total diário de radiação em campo aberto. O ambiente protegido reduziu em relação ao campo aberto a densidade de fluxo de radiação solar, com maior intensidade, no abrigo coberto com filme plástico térmico difusor de luz. O maior efeito dos abrigos ocorreu sobre as temperaturas máximas, tendo maiores valores a estufa coberta com filme de polietileno convencional. Não ocorreram diferenças para umidade relativa do ar entre as estufas. O mulching plástico preto aumentou a temperatura do solo a 6 e 12 cm de profundidade.Palavras-chave: polietileno, ambiência, microclima.ABSTRACT. Use of different greenhouses plastic film as cover. This project was developed in the Faculty of Engineering -Unesp, Campus of Ilha Solteira, in the municipality of Ilha Solteira -São Paulo State. We studied the environmental behavior under two conditions of protected environment, with plastic covering the soil and bare soil. It was evaluated the quinquidial averages, averages values, maximum and minimum daily temperature and relative humidity; quinquidial averages of the daily average values of deficiency of saturation of water vapor; the density of total daily flow of radiation; from transmission to radiation in each shelter and the linear regressions to estimate the total daily radiation inside the shelter, according to the daily total radiation in field open. The protected environment reduced, in relation to the open field, the density of flow of solar radiation, with higher intensity in the shelter covered with thermal plastic film lightdiffuser. The greatest effect of shelters occurred on the maximum temperature, with higher values the greenhouse covered with a conventional polyethylene film. There were no differences for air relative humidity between greenhouses. The black plastic mulching increased the soil temperature at 6 and 12 cm depth.

Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd, known as Ceylon spinach, Surinam purslane, or waterleaf, is cultivated for medicinal and food purposes. Among environmental factors, light is an important regulator of primary production, contributing to plant growth. However, the success of each plant species depends on its morphoanatomical responses to light. The aim of this study was to determine whether T. triangulare leaf micromorphometry is affected when grown in full sun and under shade, and if so, which plant biometric variables are affected. T. triangulare cultivation was tested in beds arranged in blocks under shade levels of 0, 18, 30, and 50%. Each bed was considered a basic experimental unit, totaling four replications per treatment. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, abaxial epidermis, and mesophyll thickness were higher as shade levels increased. However, there was a decrease in the number of leaves, root to shoot ratio, stomatal density on abaxial and adaxial surfaces, and palisade parenchyma thickness. Nevertheless, root length, leaf and stem dry weights, leaf weight ratio, adaxial stomatal index, adaxial epidermis, and spongy parenchyma thickness remained constant. Plants responded differently to shade, with morphological and anatomical changes, suggesting a phenotypic plasticity and raising the possibility of being grown both in shaded environments and in full sunlight.