. 2 IES Delicias (Valladolid) (Spain).Título: Rendimiento escolar y actitudes personales y de responsabilidad social en el alumnado preadolescente. Resumen: Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de las diferencias observadas entre alumnos de diferente nivel de rendimiento, en las actitudes de responsabilidad social y personales hacia el estudio, según diversas teorías y modelos. Han participado 235 alumnos de tercer ciclo de Educación Primaria, a los que se aplicaron dos escalas de evaluación de actitudes: (a) la Escala de Evaluación de las Actitudes de Responsabilidad Social del Alumnado de Educación Primaria (EARSA-P, Monsalvo, 2012b), formada por 23 ítems agrupados en seis factores (obediencia en el entorno familiar, educado y aceptación de sus errores, confianza en sus padres, responsable en el entorno escolar, amigable y dispuesto a la ayuda y cuidadoso con su medio ambiente); y (b) la Escala de Evaluación de Actitudes generales hacia el Estudio E-1 (Morales, 2006), formada por 15 ítems agrupados en cinco dimensiones (nivel alto de aspiraciones, gusto por el estudio, organización del estudio, esfuerzo por comprender y deseo de seguir aprendiendo). Se compararon los niveles de responsabilidad social y las actitudes hacia el estudio en función del grado de rendimiento académico, encontrando diferencias significativas en las actitudes hacia el estudio y en la responsabilidad entre los grupos en función del rendimiento académico. Palabras clave: Rendimiento académico; actitudes de responsabilidad social; actitudes personales hacia el estudio; evaluación; enseñanza; alumnos preadolescentes.Abstract: This study focuses on the analysis of the differences observed between students with different levels of academic performance in their social attitudes and personal responsibility towards study, according to various theories and models. Participants were 235 students from the third cycle of Primary Education (10-12 years old). They completed two attitude rating scales: (a) Assessment Scale of Social Responsibility Attitudes of Primary School Pupils (EARSA-P, Monsalvo, 2012b), consisting of 23 items grouped into six factors (obedience in the family, polite and accepting their mistakes, trust in their parents, responsible in school setting, friendly and willing to help and careful of their environment); and (b) Assessment Scale of General Attitudes towards Study E-1 (Morales, 2006), which consists of 15 items grouped into five dimensions (high aspirations, enjoyment of study, study organization, efforts to understand and desire to continue learning). We compared the levels of social responsibility and attitudes toward study according to the level of academic achievement, finding significant group differences in attitudes toward study and responsibility in terms of academic achievement.

A conceptual proposal for the teaching style of elementary teachers was established. It is made up of a set of holistic and integrated dimensions with an introspective and extrinsic nature. These dimensions are used as the basis to elaborate the Elementary Teacher's Instructional Self-perceived Competence Evaluation Scale (ET-IACES). It can be used as an assessment instrument with valid, accurate, and reliable psychometric properties, suitable for measuring elementary teachers' strategic competence profile. The ECAD-EP is rated on a Likert-type scale and comprises 58 items arranged in a threedimensional factor structure as follows: (a) Socio-emotional, comprising the variables: co-existence, mediation, group dynamization, emotional bonding, adaptive communication, communicative sensitivity, empathy, and self-efficacy; (b) Communicative-relational, consisting of the variables: assertiveness, affective leadership, executive leadership, problem solving, nonverbal communication, and paraverbal communication; (c) Instructional, which contains the variables: adapting to new situations, instructional control, and planning.Keywords: Teaching styles, assessment of teaching, self-perceived teaching competence, instructional variables, teacher rating scale. ResumenSe establece una propuesta conceptual del estilo de enseñanza del profesorado de EP constituida por un conjunto de dimensiones holísticas e integradoras, de naturaleza introyectiva y proyectiva, que sirven de base para la elaborar la Escala de Evaluación de la Competencia Autopercibida del Docente de Educación Primaria (ECAD-EP), escala que puede ser empleada como un instrumento de evaluación con propiedades psicométricas válidas y fiables, idónea para poder cuantificar el perfil competencial del profesorado estratégico de EP. La ECAD-EP presenta un formato tipo Likert constituida por 58 ítems y dispuesta en una estructura factorial tridimensional del orden siguiente: (a) Socioemocional, compuesto por las variables: convivencia, mediación, dinamización grupal, implicación afectiva, adaptación comunicativa, sensibilidad comunicativa, empatía y autoeficacia; (b) Comunicativo-relacional, constituido por las variables: asertividad, liderazgo afectivo, liderazgo ejecutivo, resolución de conflictos, comunicación no verbal y comunicación paraverbal; (c) Instruccional, que contiene las variables: adaptación a nuevas situaciones, control instruccional y planificación.Palabras clave: Estilos de enseñanza, evaluación de la enseñanza, competencia docente autopercibida, variables instruccionales, escala de evaluación docente.

One of the purposes of education is to help pupils develop a responsible attitude, which is understood to be the capacity to vouch for their actions appropriately and in a way that fits social norms. Training of this type should be intentional, planned, and personalized, which will depend on how developed the individual's social responsibility is. This in turn is influenced by personal and family variables. This article provides an analysis of the interaction of some of those variables with the development of social responsibility in primary education pupils as the basis for the design of programs to promote personal and social responsibility tailored to the features of the pupils. To do this, the Social Responsibility Attitudes Scale was applied to 502 pupils taking grades 2 (8 years old), 4 (10 years old), and 6 (12 years old) of primary education. This scale measures the following factors: (a) obedient in family settings, (b) polite and accepting their mistakes, (c) trust in their parents, (d) responsibility in school setting, (e) friendly and willing to help, and (f) careful of the environment. By carrying out a multivariate analysis with the school grade, gender, family type (single, two-parent), and position among siblings (firstborn, only child, or not firstborn), it was concluded that attitudes related to prosociality start to be differentiated from grade 4 of primary education. It is in grade 6 that children become aware of their responsibility, and this is greater among that from two-parent families. However, no significant differences were found in the level of social responsibility with regard to gender or position among siblings.

En este artículo se hace una reflexión teórica y un análisis descriptivo de los perfiles psicoinstruccionales de los estilos de enseñanza del profesorado de Educación Superior, en el ámbito de las habilidades sociales y competencias directamente relacionadas con la promoción de la Convivencia Escolar. Se hace un análisis comparativo de la autopercepción de una serie de variables docentes vinculadas con las Habilidades Sociales con una muestra de profesores de universidades españolas y brasileñas. A partir de la construcción y validación una escala tipo Likert de la competencia docente autopercibida en la Enseñanza Universitaria (CEVES) se fundamenta un modelo conceptual de variables profesionales de la competencia docente de este nivel de enseñanza, basado en planteamientos integradores de la Psicología de la Instrucción y de la Psicología Positiva. Mediante el juicio de expertos y la aplicación piloto a una muestra de N=205 profesores de Educación Superior del ámbito de Humanidades y de las Ciencias Sociales, se han analizado de forma comparativa entre contextos universitarios de España y Brasil las autopercepciones en cada una de las variables y dimensiones configuradoras de la acción docente vertebradoras de la competencia social.

This paper makes a theoretical and a descriptive analysis of the psycho-instructional profiles of the teaching styles of Higher Education teachers about social skills and competences directly related to the promotion of school co-existence. The main objective is establishing the comparative analysis of university teaching self-perceived of a sample of teachers of Spanish and Brazilian universities. From the construction and validation of a Likert scale of self-perceived teaching competence in university teaching (CEVES) we develop a conceptual model of professional variables of teaching competence in the Higher Education level, based on integrative approaches of Instructional and Positive Psychology. Through an expert judgment process and sampling of N=205 Higher Education professors in the field of Humanities and Social Sciences, we analyzed the self-perceptions results comparatively between spanish and brazilian universities in each of the variables.