Este estudo de revisão integrativa de caráter exploratório tem como objetivo descrever a eficácia do uso de hipolipemiantes em regeneração óssea alveolar em Odontologia. Para isso, descritores cadastrados no Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) foram aplicadas no Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica (MEDLINE) por meio do PubMed, além do Google Scholar, Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Foram encontrados inicialmente 1.721 estudos que, após análise minuciosa dos títulos e resumos e avaliação dos critérios de elegibilidade adotados, 17 ensaios clínicos foram incluidos neste estudo. A rosuvastatina, sinvastatina e atorvastatina mostraram-se promissoras no processo de regeneração óssea na periodontia, cirurgia oral e implantodontia, sendo a Índia o país com mais pesquisas neste campo (n = 14). Grande parte dos estudos (n= 14) avaliaram o efeito dos fármacos associado ao alisamento radicular em periodontite crônica. A concentração de 1,2% de hipolipemiantes foi a mais frequente nos ensaios selecionados (n= 13). Dois estudos evidenciaram valores não significativos de aumento de estrutura óssea quando administrado de maneira isolada. As estatinas demonstram-se como uma terapia promissora em algumas especialidades da Odontologia. Todavia, sugere-se que mais estudos na área com amostras maiores e períodos mais extensos sejam realizados visando elucidar melhor o tratamento medicamentoso com tais fármacos na prática odontológica.
Objectives. To investigate physicochemical properties, dentin bonding, cytotoxicity, and in vivo pulp response of experimental self-adhesive composites tailored to direct pulp capping. Materials and Methods. Experimental composites were prepared with beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles adsorbed with simvastatin and glutathione added at 0% (control resin), 1 wt% (Res 1%), and 10 wt% (Res 10%). A commercial light-curable calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (Ultra-Blend Plus) was used as control material. The physicochemical properties investigated were flexural strength and modulus, calcium release, and degree of conversion. Dentin bonding was assessed by the push-out test. Proliferation and cell counting assays were performed to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity using fluorescence microscopy. In vivo pulp capping was performed on molars of Wistar rats, which were euthanized after 14 days and evaluated by histological analysis. Results. No statistical difference was observed in flexural strength and cell viability (
p
>
0.05
). Res 10% presented higher modulus than control resin and Ca(OH)2. Also, Res 10% attained statistically higher degree of conversion when compared to other experimental composites. Ca(OH)2 showed higher calcium release after 28 and 45 days of storage, with no statistical difference at 45 days to Res 10%. All experimental composites achieved significantly higher bond strength when compared to Ca(OH)2. While no significant difference was observed in the cell proliferation rates, resins at lower concentrations showed higher cell viability. In vivo evaluation of pulp response demonstrated no pulp damage with experimental composites. Conclusions. The experimental composite investigated in this study achieved adequate physicochemical properties with minor in vivo pulpal inflammation and proved to be a valuable alternative for direct pulp capping.
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