Tumor cells develop different strategies to cope with changing microenvironmental conditions. A prominent example is the adaptive phenotypic switching between cell migration and proliferation. While it has been shown that the migration-proliferation plasticity influences tumor spread, it remains unclear how this particular phenotypic plasticity affects overall tumor growth, in particular initiation and persistence. To address this problem, we formulate and study a mathematical model of spatio-temporal tumor dynamics which incorporates the microenvironmental influence through a local cell density dependence. Our analysis reveals that two dynamic regimes can be distinguished. If cell motility is allowed to increase with local cell density, any tumor cell population will persist in time, irrespective of its initial size. On the contrary, if cell motility is assumed to decrease with respect to local cell density, any tumor population below a certain size threshold will eventually extinguish, a fact usually termed as Allee effect in ecology. These results suggest that strategies aimed at modulating migration are worth to be explored as alternatives to those mainly focused at keeping tumor proliferation under control.
Abstract. Gliomas are highly invasive brain tumors that exhibit high and spatially heterogeneous cell proliferation and motility rates. The interplay of proliferation and migration dynamics plays an important role in the invasion of these malignant tumors. We analyze the regulation of proliferation and migration processes with a lattice-gas cellular automaton (LGCA). We study and characterize the influence of the migration/proliferation dichotomy (also known as the "Go-or-Grow" mechanism) on avascular glioma invasion, in terms of invasion speed and width of the infiltration zone. We show that the invasive behavior of the (macroscopic) tumor colony is a highly complex phenomenon that cannot be extrapolated by the sole knowledge of the (microscopic) individual cell phenotype.
Here, we investigate different cell density-dependent migration strategies. In particular, we consider strategies which differ in the precise regulation of transitions between resting and motile phenotypes. We develop a lattice-gas cellular automaton (LGCA) model for each migration strategy. Using a mean-field approximation we quantify the corresponding spreading dynamics at the cell population level. Our results allow for the prediction of cell population spreading based on experimentally accessible single cell migration parameters.
Zur Bildung fliichtiger Stoffe bei der MAILLAm-Reaktionl I. LUDWIG, I<. BOTTGER und U. FREIMUTH Untersuchungen der bei der MAILLARD-Reaktion von Casein und Lactose entstehenden fltichtigen Stoffe ergaben. daO Einzelheiten der Vorbehandlung des Reaktionsgemisches (Mischen, Lyophilisation) einen wesentlichen EinfluD auf die Reaktion ausiiben. Aus denrelativenverhatnissen der gaschromatographisch ennittelten Peaks lieB sich ftir alle Priiparate auDerdem eine deutliche Abhtingigkeit von der Erhitzung erkennen. Erganzende Bestimmungen des Farbindex durch Reflexionsmessungen sowie sensorische Befunde stimmten hiennit iiberein. Wegen ihrer grooen Bedeutung fiir die Qualittit von Lebensmitteln ist die MluLLaRD-Reaktion seit ihrer Entdeckung 1912 iiberaus Uufig studiert und zusammenfassend beschrieben worden [I -51. Sowohl die Bildung der dunkelbraunen Reaktionsprodukte [6-91 wie etwa die Entstehung von Allergenen [IO, 111 wurden eingehend untersucht. Der EinfIuD des Wassergehaltes auf den Reaktionsablauf hat seit den grundlegenden Modellversuchen von LEA u. a. [6] gebiihrende Berlicksichtigung gefunden. So liegen auch tiber die in Milchpulver erfolgende Reaktion zahlreiche Arbeiten vor, da beim Trocknen oder bei der Lagerung des Milchpulvers durch die Gegenwart der reduzierenden Lactose in hoher Konzentration die Briiunungsreaktion begtinstigt wird [6, 7, 12. 131. DaD dabei auch mehrere fliichtige Substanzen enbtehen, die ftir das Aroma des Endproduktes wichtig sind, wurde schon vor etwa 20 Jahren festgestellt [14-161 und in Modellversuchen von verschiedenen Autoren studiert [17-22].
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