In agricultural regions close to industrial areas, especially at the vicinity of tannery industry, chromium contamination poses a serious environmental risk. A pot experiment was carried out in the current study to assess the impact of hexavalent and trivalent chromium under the influence of microorganisms on Amaranthus gangeticus growth characteristics. Nine different concentrations of chromium (Cr) were used which consists of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg Cr+6 as K2Cr2O7 and 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg Cr+3 as KCr(SO4)2, in conjunction with four different levels of microorganisms, consisting of control, Azospirillum, Phosphate solublizing Bacteria (PSB), and Potassium Releasing Bacteria (KRB). The study revealed that when Cr concentrations increased, steady decline was observed in shoot, root length, leaf length, leaf breadth, number of leaves, and fresh weight. But when supplemented with KRB, the treatments had an ameliorative impact on chromium and, in comparison, enhanced the growth characteristics.

Boron (B) is an important plant micronutrient with a narrower range of deficit to toxicity than any other plant nutrients. As a result, comprehending the chemistry of born in soil is crucial. Although B inadequacy and toxicity may be linked to total B levels in the soil, these issues are caused by the chemical forms of B present in the soil, notably its solubility and availability to plants. Solution pH, soil texture, soil moisture, temperature, organic matter, and clay mineralogy all impact B availability and its adsorption in soils. Various empirical equations may be used to characterize boron adsorption processes. Due to the latest fertilizer technologies which provide better nutrient dissemination, year-round B availability, and a more adjustable application window in diverse crops boron management has improved dramatically. This paper reviews about different studies and progress of research in dynamics of boron and its management in different horticulture and agriculture crops.