A simple, accurate, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations. The method was based on the formation of chloroform extractable complex of tramadol hydrochloride with wool fast blue, which shows absorbance maxima at 590 nm against the reagent blank treated similarly. The method obeys Beer's law in the concentration ranges of 50-250 µg/mL. Validation studies are statistically significant as all the statistical parameters are within the acceptance range (% RSD< 2.0 and S.D. < 2.0) for both accuracy and precision study. High recovery and low % RSD reveals the reliability of the method for quantitative study of the proposed method in tablet formulation. The proposed method is simple, rapid accurate, precise, reproducible and economic and can be used for routine quantitative analysis of tramadol hydrochloride in pure and tablet dosage form.

A simple, sensitive and economical spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of zidovudine in commercial dosage forms. The method was based on the formation of chloroform extractable complex of zidovudine with wool fast blue. The absorbance of the extractable ion pair complex is measured at the wavelength of maximum absorbance 590 nm against the reagent blank treated similarly. Statistical analysis proves that the proposed methods are reproducible and selective for the estimation of zidovudine in bulk drug and in its tablet dosage form.

A simple spectrophotometric method for determination of famotidine was described. The method was based on bromination of the drug with excess brominating mixture in acidic medium. The yellow colour developed was measured at 350 nm against distilled water blank. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 40-200 µg/ml. 2-aminoiminomethyl)amino-]4 thiazolyl]methyl]thio]-N-(aminosulfonyl) propaninidamide, is used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, stress ulcers and gastritis. Various methods have been reported for estimation of famotidine, which include spectrophotometric methods 1-3 , spectrophotometric and *For correspondence E-mail: ramireddy_m2000@yahoo.co.in spectrofluorimetric method 4 and flow-injection analysis 5 . Famotidine, chemically 3-[[[(In the present communication, a simple spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of famotidine from pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method was based on the bromination of the drug with excess brominating mixture in acidic medium. After bromination, the excess brominating mixture was treated with potassium iodide, which gave yellow colour. The maximum absorbance was measured at 350 nm. The

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Soybean, a crop of international importance, is challenged with the problem of seed longevity mainly due to its genetic composition and associated environmental cues. Soybean’s fragile seed coat coupled with poor DNA integrity, ribosomal dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and poor antioxidant system constitute the rationale for fast deterioration. Variability among the genotypes for sensitivity to field weathering contributed to their differential seed longevity. Proportion and density of seed coat, glassy state of cells, calcium and lignin content, pore number, space between seed coat and cotyledon are some seed related traits that are strongly correlated to longevity. Further, efficient antioxidant system, surplus protective proteins, effective nucleotide and protein repair systems and free radical scavenging mechanisms also contributed to the storage potential of soybean seeds. Identification of molecular markers and QTLs associated with these mechanisms will pave way for enhanced selection efficiency for seed longevity in soybean breeding programs. This review reflects on the morphological, biochemical and molecular bases of seed longevity along with pointers on harvest, processing and storage strategies for extending vigour and viability in soybean.