Addition of ammonia to final concentration 2% inactivates ochratoxin A, aflatoxin, citrinin, penicillic acid and partially zearalenon at temperature 20-50 degrees C. Detoxification of contaminated cereal grain (wheat, corn or barley) can be performed on a farm using ammoniation without special investment during 4 to 6 weeks. Ammoniation changes nutritional value of grain as feed in a small extent.

No abstract

Kernels of several varieties of wheat, rye and barley were found to have different resistance to fungi attack and ochratoxin A production, particularly in first step of fungus development on kernels. Zinc was stated to be a limiting factor of ochratoxin production. viable sound kernels were very resistant against fungi. Dead (e.g. autoclaved) kernels were attacked by fungus very quickly. Varieties with stronger resistance to fungi invasion during storage were selected.

Ammoniation was proved to be a suitable detoxification procedure to remove toxicity of Aspergillus ochraceus mycotoxins (mainly ochratoxin A) from contaminated cereal grain (corn, wheat and barley). It was found that ammoniation should be performed to achieve decomposition of ochratoxin A to nondetectable level. Ammoniated grain can be used as feedstuff component without essential change of nutritive value during ammoniation.

A simple method for the simultaneous detection of the 11 mycotoxins aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2), ochratoxin A, zearalenone, sterigmatocystin, citrinin, penicillic acid, T-2 toxin and rubratoxin B is reported. The elaborated method was tested for all cited mycotoxins extracted from 5 cereal species (rye, barley, wheat, oats and corn) spiked with mycotoxins standards. Different chromatoplates, developing solvents and spraying reagents were tested. New tests and modification of known confirmatory tests, recovery and detection limits are reported.