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Network architectures nowadays are not able to address the requirements of future Internet, as they are not sufficient, ossified, and are power hungry on the TCP/IP paradigm. Therefore, to promote the realizable progression toward the new paradigms and modern protocols, modern routers are required to become programmable for the flexible control and dynamic management of both power states and traffic flows. In this scenario, Software Defined Networking (SDN) is considered as an exemplary approach for providing the support of dynamic traffic flows of each node on a network. Besides the benefits that SDN brought to the networking area, there are still crucial challenges such as to design an effective, lightweight API, rich algorithms, and traffic forwarding rules for SDN layers along with the adoption of an energy efficient infrastructure that could have the least effect on the environment. The aim of this research is to drive the attention toward environment friendly adoption and implementation of SDN that could deal with the growing number of users and network equipment. For this purpose, in this research, a comprehensive review on SDN while mapping the characteristics of green computing with SDN is provided. In addition to that, the research stressed on the benefits of Green SDN through a proposed G-SDN framework. Some well-defined case studies are presented to highlight the need of greening an SDN infrastructure. Finally, various research directions are presented to the wide adoption of SDN technology for academia and industry alike. KEYWORDS green computing, green SDN, SDN, software defined networks 1 INTRODUCTION Software Defined Networking (SDN) offers a high level of flexibility, controllability, and programmability in networks with the power of centralized control. The centralized controller at SDN faces a significant performance drawback when dealing with huge network flows. 1 On the other hand, features provided by SDN allows an ease in deploying the strategies that are designed to overcome the existing problems of power and energy-waste. 2 Green computing refers to the reduction of hazard and toxic materials, improved efficiency of energy including recycling of factory wastage, 3 and it has become an integral part to enhance the reliability of each emerging computing domains. Even the cloud and green computing are applicable side by side to make greener internet and enhance services. The former techniques allow the services with ease when required at a cost of complex infrastructure. However, the later approach has edge in providing all of these services with efficient energy usage, recyclability, low environmental impact, reduced carbon emission, and much more facilities. 4 In addition, to provide the promising services to the intended users, wired and wireless networks 5,6 have been followed by many directions in prior studies 5-7 such as the closing of forward and feedback loops. 8 In this way, there exists a variety of designs such as low-power solutions with slow and fast dynamics. Solutions with sl...

i. Purpose of the study: Due to the rapid increase of COVID-19 cases, it has become challenging for the entire world to identify and treat infected patients at existing hospitals. In order to stop the spread of COVID-19, diseased persons need to be isolated for treatment. Hence, there is an enormous necessity to identify, monitor, and isolate patients to analyze their current situation and improve diagnostic accuracy to prevent more spread and deaths. ii. Methodology: Providentially, the recent advances in Information and communications technology (ICT) like the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) bring us opportunities to win the battle against the COVID-19 crisis. The exploratory research distributes practical assistance to the researcher for the rudimentary work. In this study, the exploratory research method was executed to explore the existing literature intensively and recognize the COVID-19 affected patients’ issues or challenges. iii. Main Findings: A new approach of IoMT-based E-Health has been designed and proposed for affected patient’s treatment in real-time. IoMT based E-Health model venture a prodigious promise to treat isolated patients where it applies existing technologies to increase quality control and access to patient healthcare centers in this COVID-19 pandemic effectively. iv. Applications of this study: IoMT-based E-Health involves significant components to track, identify, monitor, manage, store, and analyze patient information for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. With the help of the proposed approach, existing hospitals and healthcare centers can manage many infected patients, suggest treatment, and respond quickly according to their emergency alerts. v. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study aims to identify current health systems’ challenges and design a specialized model for the IoMT based E-Health systems by focusing mainly on the challenges that surfaced during COVID-19.

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