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FNAC is highly cost effective, patient friendly outpatient procedure with minimal discomfort and gives basic to accurate information regarding the lesions. It is considered as first line investigative technique as it gives quick results with good sensitivity and specificity. It also stratifies cases requiring further investigations, surgical intervention or just clinical follow-up. Present study is about the profile of non-neoplastic and neoplastic thyroid lesions by Fine needle aspiration cytology and correlates the FNAC findings with the histopathology. This study was undertaken in the

Wandering spleen (WS) is characterised by incomplete fixation of the spleen to its supporting linorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments. It can predispose to life-threatening complications due to torsion of its vascular pedicle, splenic infarction, portal hypertension, and haemorrhage. A 27-year-old, 36-week prima gravida underwent emergency caesarean section for tachycardia and hypotension. A healthy baby girl was delivered. However, she remained shocked despite aggressive fluid therapy and intraoperatively it was noted that there was significant intraperitoneal bleeding and the on-call surgical team was summoned. Midline laparotomy revealed a lacerated, infarcted, hypermobile spleen found with free intraperitoneal bleeding. The unsalvageable spleen was resected and the patient went on to make an excellent recovery. The aetiology of WS is contentious. With an increased frequency among multiparous females of reproductive age, some suggest the hormonal effects of pregnancy as contributing factors. Clinical presentations range from an asymptomatic abdominal mass to acute abdominal pain with hypovolaemic shock. WS poses a serious threat to life due to thrombosis, bleeding, or infarction. Ultrasound scan and CT scan are equally effective in the diagnosis. Patients with asymptomatic WS should be treated with elective splenopexy, however, in the acute presentation, splenectomy is the procedure of choice.

BACKGROUND:Voluntary donors normally tolerate blood donation very well as the history and preliminary examination is clear without any hidden history or facts related to the health status of the donor, occasionally, adverse reactions of variable severity may occur during or at the end of the collection. AIM: Aim of this study is to estimate and possibly avoid the cause of unwanted reactions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is conducted over a period of three years, from January 2011 to December 2013. The donor population consisted of 43492 donors (37724 male and 5768 female). The minimum age is 18 years and the maximum age for donation considered in this study was 58 years. RESULTS: Overall a total of 408 adverse reaction events were reported in relation to the total of 43492 donations for an overall adverse reaction rate of 0.93 % and an incidence of 1 every 107 donations. Of the 408 adverse reactions to blood donations 328 were observed in males while 80 were observed in females. Based on the type of blood donor reaction 231 males and 65 females reported giddiness. 52 males and 16 females reported nausea, 19 males and 7 females had an episode of vomiting, 24 males and 8 females reported cramps, one male reported of chills and one male reported anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of donors who developed disturbances during or at the end of blood donation was very low and was mostly mild type which resolved rapidly, it is nevertheless desirable to reduce risks to a minimum by following a set of advices provided for preventing problems associated with blood donation.

Of all the paediatric malignancies, lymphomas account for about 10-15% of the cases with half of them diagnosed as Hodgkin's lymphoma. With a 5-year survival rate approaching 95%, a high index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose Hodgkin's lymphoma at an early stage, since many children in the developing countries present with an advanced stage. We report a typical case of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, mixed cellularity subtype in a 10-year old girl with early-stage unfavourable disease presenting as a slightly painful right cervical mass and "B" symptoms. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was elevated. Ultrasound neck scan suggested tuberculous lymphadenitis. Other laboratory and radiological findings were normal. Fine needle aspiration smears and histopathology helped in arriving at diagnosis of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, mixed cellularity subtype. The child was treated with a combination of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. KEYWORDS: Hodgkin's lymphoma; children; early-stage unfavourable disease; mixed cellularity subtype BACKGROUND: Of all the paediatric malignancies, lymphomas account for about 10-15% of the cases 1 with half of them diagnosed as Hodgkin's lymphoma 2 . Remarkably, this malignancy has a high cure rate with a 5-year survival rate approaching 95% 1. Hodgkin's lymphoma has an overall incidence rate of 14 per 100, 000 under 15 years of age. It has a typical bimodal distribution with respect to age. In developed countries, the peak incidence is seen in the young adults and elderly. While, in developing countries the incidence is higher among children and young adults with a male preponderance. Histologically, mixed cellularity subtype of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma occurs commonly in the children and in developing countries 3 . We report a typical case of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, mixed cellularity subtype in a 10-year old girl with early-stage unfavourable disease presenting as a slightly painful right cervical mass and "B" symptoms.