Growth and development in children can be seen from several aspects, namely cognitive aspects, physical (motor) development aspects, language and communication development aspects, personal, social and emotional aspects. This study aims to describe the development of pre-school age children in Regular PAUD and analyze the factors that influence their development. This research is observational research. The variables in this study were fine motor development, gross motor development, personal social development, language development, age factor, parental education level, child's gender and weight. The research population was all PAUD children in the Surakarta City Region with a total sample of 97 children. The research instrument in this study was the DDST Sheet and a checklist for the identity of the respondents. The data analysis used was the frequency distribution test, the chi-square test and the Fishers exact test. The results of the identification of child development mostly have fine motor development, gross motor development, language development and normal social personal development. Factors that influence the development of normal children are mostly aothotarian parenting patterns, Z score of normal children and education level of parents in SMA/SMK. Gender has no relationship in the formation of development, while the z-score, parenting pattern and level of education have a relationship in the formation of fine motor development, gross motor development, language development and personal social development. It is recommended for each PAUD to detect growth and development every 6 months.

Sleep disturbances are common among teenagers in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic due to the implementation of online learning. .The results of several systematic reviews and meta-analyses on eight databases to determine the impact of COVID-19 on children and adolescents (aged < 18 years) found anxiety and depression disorders, reactions to emotional and mental health, psychological distress, and behavioral disorders, sleep disturbances, nightmares and it all can affect aspects of adolescent life, especially in orphanages where they do not have relatives and parents. So it is felt that it is very important to do a non-pharmacologic therapeutic action to overcome these problems and progressive muscle relaxation is one of the easy methods to be carried out by teenagers in orphanages. This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on adolescent sleep quality. using method. pre- and post-test experiments with a control group. Involving research subjects as many as 42 teenagers. Data were analyzed by paired t test not using the SPSS 21 program. There was a significant difference between the control and treatment groups with a mean of 6,52  and 4,20  and getting a p-value of 0.003 so that it can be concluded that the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation can be useful for making good sleep quality for adolescents in orphanages.Keywords: progressive muscle relaxation; sleep quality; teenagersManfaat Relaksasi Otot Progresif Untuk Tingkatkan Kualitas Tidur RemajaABSTRAK Gangguan tidur sering terjadi di kalangan remaja di era pandemi Covid-19 akibat penerapan pembelajaran daring. .Hasil beberapa tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis pada delapan database untuk mengetahui dampak COVID-19 pada anak dan remaja (usia <18 tahun) ditemukan gangguan kecemasan dan depresi, reaksi terhadap kesehatan emosional dan mental, tekanan psikologis, dan perilaku gangguan, gangguan tidur, mimpi buruk dan itu semua dapat mempengaruhi aspek kehidupan remaja terutama di panti asuhan dimana mereka tidak memiliki kerabat dan orang tua. Sehingga dirasa sangat penting dilakukan tindakan terapi non farmakologis untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dan relaksasi otot progresif merupakan salah satu metode yang mudah dilakukan oleh remaja di panti asuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap kualitas tidur remaja. menggunakan metode. eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah tes dengan kelompok kontrol. Melibatkan subyek penelitian sebanyak 42 remaja. Data dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan tidak menggunakan program SPSS 21. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan dengan mean 6,52 dan 4,20 serta mendapatkan p-value 0,003 sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan relaksasi otot progresif dapat bermanfaat untuk membuat tidur nyenyak. kualitas remaja di panti asuhan. Kata kunci: relaksasi otot progresif; kualitas tidur; remaja

Virus corona atau lebih dikenal Covid-19 masih menyebar hampir di seluruh dunia dengan 199 negara dan wilayah terinfeksi virus hingga saat ini. Tentu saja hal ini membuat masyarakat panik dan khawatir sehingga ketakutan yang berlebihan mudah terjadi pada saat-saat seperti ini. Banyaknya informasi tentang pandemi virus corona yang sedang berlangsung memiliki implikasi positif dan negatif. Efek jangka panjang pada kesehatan mental apalagi pada lansia. Yang tinggal di panti tidak dapat secara bebas untuk beraktivitas dengan orang lain maupun di luar panti. Hal ini menyebabkan stres, kecemasan, kepanikan, ketakutan pada lansia yang berada di panti. Kesehatan fisik  dan psikis akan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung akan menurunkan kualitas hidup mereka. Terapi Gabungan Occupation and Art (OCUART) yang dilakukan pada lansia di panti terbukti mempunyai dampak yang signifikan untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas hidup lansia dengan p value 0, 023 Kata Kunci: art terapi; kualitas hIdup; lansia; OcupasiOCCUPATIONAL AND ART THERAPY (OCUART) INCREASE THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THE ELDERLY OF AISYIYAH NURSING HOME OF SURAKARTAAbstract The corona virus or better known as Covid-19 is still spreading almost all over the world with 199 countries and regions infected with the virus. This condition makes people worry and the excessive fear is easy at such times. The sheer volume of information about the ongoing coronavirus pandemic has both positive and negative implications. Long-term effects on mental health especially in the elderly. Those who live in the nursing home cannot freely engage in activities with other people outside. This causes stress, anxiety, panic, fear in the elderly; they are very vulnerable to physical and psychological health problems such as anxiety, stress, and depression which will directly or indirectly reduce their quality of life. Combined Art and Occupational Therapy performed on the elderly in nursing homes has been shown to have a significant impact on optimizing the quality of life of the elderly with a p value of 0.023 Keywords: elderly; art theraphy; occupation theraphy; quality of life

The number of Children with Special Needs (ABK) in Indonesia reaches 4.2 million people aged between 5 to 14 years or school age. Children with special needs who are born in less than optimal mental and physical conditions certainly make parents sad, unprepared and unable to accept them for various reasons. Moreover, the reason for embarrassing the child as a result is not a few who then treat the child less well and ignore efforts to make the child more independent. Independence will create a positive impact on children's development, so efforts to educate independence are taught to children as early as possible which is synchronized with the child's abilities. The independence of ABK is taught by parents and families who play a role in nurturing, guiding and helping direct children so that they can become independent individuals. Objective: To determine the correlation of parental gait to the level of independence of ABK Surakarta City. This research is a quantitative study, with a cross sectional approach, 60 respondents using the total population method. This research instrument means a questionnaire, the analysis uses the chi square statistical test. The results of the study: bivariate test of parental gait with a level of independence using a chi square p value of 0.006. Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between the role of parents and independence in children with special needs in Surakarta City. Keywords: children with special needs; independence; parents' gaitORANG TUA BERKIPRAH DALAM MENGOPTIMALKAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SURAKARTAABSTRAK Jumlah Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) di Indonesia mencapai angka 4,2 juta jiwa yang berusia antara 5 sampai 14 tahun atau usia sekolah. Anak berkebutuhan khusus yang lahir dalam keadaan  mental  dan fisik yang kurang optimum tentunya membuat orang tua sedih, tidak siap serta  tidak mampu menerimanya berbagai alasan. Terlebih lagi alasan membuat malu sebagai akibatnya tidak  sedikit yang kemudian memperlakukan anak tadi secara kurang baik dan mengabaikan usaha-usaha untuk membuat anak menjadi lebih mandiri. Kemandirian akan menciptakan dampak yang positif bagi perkembangan anak, maka usaha mendidik kemandirian diajarkan pada anak sedini mungkin yang disinkronkan dengan kemampuan anak. Kemandirian ABK diajarkan oleh  orangtua  dan keluarga yang berperan dalam mengasuh, membimbing serta membantu mengarahkan anak supaya dapat menjadi pribadi yang mandiri.Tujuan: mengetahui korelasi kiprah orangtua terhadap tingkat kemandirian para ABK Kota Surakarta.  Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan pendekatan cross sectional, responden penelitian sebesar 60 responden memakai metode total populasi. Instrumen penelitian ini artinya kuesioner, analisis menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian: uji bivariate kiprah orangtua dengan tingkat kemandirian  menggunakan chi square p value 0,006. kesimpulan: ada hubungan yang significant antara peran orangtua dengan kemandirian pada anak berkebutuhan khusus di Kota Surakarta . Kata kunci : anak berkebutuhan khusus , kemandirian, , kiprah orang tua

Kesehatan jiwa adalah kondisi dimana seseorang dapat berkembang secara fisik, mental, spiritual, dan sosial sehingga  mampu mengatasi tekanan, dapat bekerja secara produktif, dan memberikan kontribusi untuk komunitasnya. Dalam kondisi tanpa pandemi, banyak remaja yang membutuhkan dukungan untuk melewati masa peralihan, apalagi bagi remaja yang tidak tinggal bersama keluarganya. Kondisi pandemi covid 19 meningkatkan kecemasan dan gangguan kesehatan mental di kalangan remaja. Sebelum dilakukan pendampingan, rerata skor kesehatan mental anak asuh 22,2, termasuk kategori abnormal, artinya ada gangguan pada aspek mental. Solusi mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan meningkatkan kesehatan mental melalui  teknik relaksasi otot progresif yaitu salah satu teknik relaksasi dengan cara menegangkan dan kemudian mengendorkan otot sambil melakukan nafas dalam dan memusatkan perhatian pada perasaan yang ada. Pendampingan dilaksanakan selama 5 minggu di Panti Asuhan Mardhatillah Kartasura. Anak asuh melaksanakan teknik relaksasi ini 3 kali seminggu. Pengasuh memonitor pelaksanaan relaksasi otot progresif. Setelah pendampingan, didapatkan skor kesehatan mental anak asuh 12,93, termasuk kategori normal. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan p < 0,05. Hal ini berarti terdapat peningkatan kesehatan mental di kalangan anak asuh panti asuhan Mardhatillah setelah dilakukan pendampingan relaksasi otot progresif .Kata Kunci: relaksasi otot progresif;  kesehatan jiwa; remajaCOMMUNITY ASSISTANCE OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES FOR ORPHANSAbstractMental health is a condition in which a person can develop physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially so that he is able to cope with pressure, can work productively, and contribute to his community.In conditions without a pandemic, many teenagers need support to get through the transition period, especially for teenagers who don't live with their families. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased anxiety and mental health disorders among teenagers. Prior to assistance, the average mental health score of foster children was 22.2, including the abnormal category, meaning that there was a disturbance in the mental aspect. The solution to overcome this problem is to improve mental health through progressive muscle relaxation techniques, namelyone of the relaxation techniques by tensing and then relaxing the muscles while doing deep breaths and focusing on the feelings that exist. The mentoring was carried out for 5 weeks at the Mardhatillah Kartasura Orphanage. Foster children carry out this relaxation technique 3 times a week. Caregivers monitor the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation. After mentoring, the foster children's mental health score was 12.93, including the normal category. The results of statistical analysis showed p <0.05. This means that there is an improvement in mental health among the Mardhatillah orphanage foster children after progressive muscle relaxation assistance was carried out. Keywords: progressive muscle relax; mental health; adolescents