A novel density control with a structure of an intermixture of long and short carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is first obtained by precisely controlling pretreatment time and hydrogen content. This unique structure of CNTs is probably due to the uniform distribution of large and small iron nanoparticles under optimum pretreatment condition. Scanning electron microscopy is performed to confirm the morphology of catalytic nanoparticles after pretreatment. The obtained results show that a low turnon field ($2:2 V/mm) and an ultra high field emission current density (0.4 A/cm 2 at 6.46 V/mm) can be achieved through this novel structure of CNTs.

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In this paper, a self-assembled lateral growth of ZnO nanowire (NW) photodetector has been successfully synthesized by an aqueous solution method at low temperature (85oC). The growth of ZnO NWs on a silicon substrate with a ZnO seeding layer exhibits single-phase wurtzite ZnO crystal structure, and grows along the c-axis direction. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the current-voltage characteristics and photoresponse of the ZnO NWs with and without UV (325 nm) illumination. Therefore, this low-temperature and simple fabrication process is a viable processing technique to selectively grow lateral ZnO NWs on a flat substrate of any material, with potential applications in flexible NW devices.

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