The Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC established a framework for community action in the field of water policy. This Directive requires the monitoring of surface watercourses’ quality, which is undoubtedly influenced by the sediment composition. Their function can serve the living and transport purposes of numerous microorganisms and algae, but sediment may be a medium for transmitting dangerous toxic substances that are harmful to all living organisms in the environment as well. Many substances (including chemical substances, metals, and nutrients) can accumulate in sediment over time and be released in water or contaminate aquatic species, thus potentially negatively affecting the ecological or chemical status. Furthermore, flood events as well as human interventions can remobilise deposited sediment and thus result in the downstream and cross-border transport of sediment-associated contamination. The purpose of this investigation was to calculate the daily values of chemical elements in the transmission of suspended sediment and its accumulation in the suspended matter collected at some hydrological stations in the Danube River Basin during high flow events. The joint vision for the “Mura-Drava-Danube” area is to use the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (TBR) concept to maintain a living river ecosystem for biodiversity and ecosystem services and to promote nature-friendly economic development for the local communities of this rural region. Therefore, this region requires a permanent sediment quality monitoring program.

The influence of the meteorological parameters (precipitation and air temperature) during blasting in clay has a direct impact on the success of blasting. In the case of large amounts of precipitation (rain and snow) recorded in the subject area, blasting in clays cannot be carried out due to the grain of the clay and the inability to access the subject area. Moreover, the air temperature in the subject area affects the blasting performance. The most ideal temperature for blasting in clays is between 15 and 25 °C because then the clay has the best geotechnical characteristics. The research was conducted on the exploitation field Cukavec II, which is located near the city of Varaždin in the Republic of Croatia. Amount of precipitation and air temperature were considered to obtain the best blasting effect. Influence of meteorological parameters on the amount of the explosive charge and stemming length when blasting in clays was demonstrated via models based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The ANN model network consists of a Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) part to process time dependent meteorological data, and fully connected layers to process blasting input data. Two types of explosive charges were compared, Pakaex and Permonex V19.

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: A very common engineering task we encounter in practice is calculating the annual balance of sediments on some watercourse. This is particularly challenging when assessing the backfilling of river reservoirs that have a multifunctional function.</p><p>Trakošćan Lake was built in the period from 1850 to 1862 as a pond and landscape addition to the park and Trakošćan castle. The topographic catchment area of the lake is 10.7 km<sup>2</sup>, it is about 1.5 km long, and its area is about 17 hectares, with an average depth of about 2.5 meters. The lake's total volume was originally 400,000 cubic meters, and downstream from the dam, the water of the Čemernica stream flows into the Bednja River.</p><p>After 61 years, the lake was drained, and in 2022, work began on sediment excavation to improve the lake's ecological condition due to about 200,000 cubic meters of deposited silt in the lake. The projected depth of the lake after cleaning would be about 6 meters.</p><p>In the example of this artificial lake, an estimate of the annual sediment spread by empirical parametric methods was carried out. Furthermore, the results were compared with the results of previous analysis obtained based on geotechnical sediment investigation at Lake Trakošćan.</p>

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A prevalent engineering task in practice is calculating the annual balance of sediments on some watercourses. This is particularly challenging when assessing the backfilling of river reservoirs that have a multifunctional purpose. Trakošćan Lake was built in the period from 1850 to 1862 as a pond and landscape addition to the park and Trakošćan castle. After 60 years, the lake was drained in 2022, and the work began on sediment excavation to improve the lake’s ecological condition due to about 200,000 cubic meters of deposited silt in the lake. In this research, the annual sediment production is calculated for the long-term period 1961–2020, based on empirical parametric methods (Fleming, Brunne). The results are compared with results from previous projects and recent sediment deposit investigations. Since there are no changes in LC/LU on this natural catchment, the decreasing trends in long-term sediment transport were compared with meteorological values, daily rainfall, and snow days. It is concluded that the intensity characteristics of the rainfall should be investigated more in detail and could provide much more tangible information regarding climate change impacts. Some targets for future monitoring design and research techniques are set.