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It is commonly thought that the Michelson-Morley experiment from 1887 and Kennedy-Thorndike experiment from 1932 demonstrated that the universal frame of reference (ether) does not exist and that the velocity of light in vacuum is absolutely constant. The analysis of this experiment led to the creation of the Special Theory of Relativity (STR). The article explains why Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments could not detect the universal frame of reference. In this article, a different transformation of time and position than the Lorentz transformation is derived on the basis of the geometric analysis of the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. The transformation is derived based on the assumption that the universal frame of reference (UFR) exists. UFR is a frame of reference in which the velocity of light is constant in every direction. In inertial frames of reference moving in the UFR, the velocity of light may be different. The article has derived the formula for relative speed and patterns for the maximum and minimum speed of light that can be measured in the inertial system. Finally, the anisotropy of the microwave background radiation has been explained by using the presented theory. According to the body kinematics model presented in this article, anisotropy of cosmic microwave background is the Doppler effect for observer moving in the UFR.

At present, it is believed that the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) is the only theory explaining the MichelsonMorley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. This article proved that another theory in accordance with these experiments is possible. In this article, we derive the new theory of kinematics of bodies from the universal frame of reference (UFR, ether), which we called the Special Theory of Ether (STE). The article explains why Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments could not detect the universal frame of reference. In article, a different transformation of time and position than the Lorentz transformation is derived on the basis of the geometric analysis of the Michelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. The formula for summation of speeds for absolute speed has been derived. Based on the derived transformation, we derive the formula for the velocity of light in vacuum measured in any inertial reference system. The entire article contains only original research conducted by its authors.

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