The chemical composition of the extracted fixed oil (total fatty acid composition) and volatile oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds grown in Iran were determined by GC and GC/MS. Eight fatty acids (99.5 %) and thirty-two compounds (86.7 %) have been identified in the fixed and volatile oils, respectively. The main fatty acids of the fixed oil were linoleic acid (55.6 %), oleic acid (23.4 %), and palmitic acid (12.5 %). The major compounds of the volatile oil were trans-anethole (38.3 %), p-cymene (14.8 %), limonene (4.3 %), and carvone (4.0 %).

Short-term turmeric supplementation can attenuate proteinuria, TGF-β and IL-8 in patients with overt type 2 diabetic nephropathy and can be administered as a safe adjuvant therapy for these patients.

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The composition of the essential oil of Zataria multiflora Boiss. was studied by gas liquid chromatography (GLC), column chromatography (CC), NMR, and GLC/MS. The main constituents of the dry plant were thymol, carvacrol, while the main constituents of the fresh plant were thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, linalool and gamma-terpinene. The structures of the major components were confirmed by IR and 1H-NMR.