Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and defective insulin secretion. Quantification of insulin resistance is essential as it may guide treatment options. The aim of the study was to compare HOMA-IR (both insulin and C-peptide based) and QUICKI in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methodology: The cross-sectional study included a hundred and fourteen type 2 DM patients diagnosed as per the American Diabetic Association 2017 guidelines. Fasting blood glucose, insulin and C-peptide were assayed. Insulin resistance and beta cell functioning were calculated by HOMA for insulin and Cpeptide using suitable formulas. Linear regression analysis was done to correlate insulin and C-peptide based HOMA.ROC curves were constructed to compare different insulin sensitivity indices. Results: There was a significant correlation (p=0.007) between insulin and C-peptide based HOMA-IR (r=0.3654. r 2 =0.1335). Insulin and C-peptide based HOMA1% B also had a significant correlation, p=0.0066 (r=0.2975. r 2 =0.08850). Insulin and C-peptide based HOMA-B cell also had a significant correlation, p=0.0019 (r=0.3223. r 2 =0.1039). A linear negative correlation was observed between QUICKI and HOMA-IR (p=0.0001) and HOMA-C (p=0.0004) respectively. ROC curve showed that Cpeptide based HOMA model had the highest area under the curve, 0.836 with better sensitivity and specificity compared to other insulin resistance/sensitivity models. Conclusion: Insulin and C-peptide based HOMA-IR are positively correlated. C-peptide based HOMA is a more sensitive and specific marker of insulin resistance compared to insulin based HOMA-IR and QUICKI.

Oxygen free radicals and products of oxidative cell damage are known as biomarkers that escalate in the pathophysiology of many diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate association between blood donation and total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde(MDA). The levels of MDA and total antioxidant capacity(TAC) were studied in serum of 90 male voluntary blood donors aged from 20 to 45 years attending K. S. Hegde charitable hospital, Blood bank, for determination of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, respectively. The donors were divided into nine groups depending on number of blood donation. With increase in number of blood donation the serum MDA level were significantly reduced (p>0.01) but total antioxidant activity was significantly increased (p>0.01). High frequency of blood donors had evidence of decreased lipid peroxidation and enhanced activity of total antioxidants when compared with low frequency blood donors. which can be considered as one of the fringe benefits of regular blood donation.

Background and Objective: Human beings are under threat from many chronic diseases and life style disorders. A major cause of all these diseases was found to be improper lifestyle and stress leading to obesity and excessive lipid peroxidation, indicating increased production of reactive oxygen species. Yoga therapy concentrates on purification of body and mind through its integrated holistic approach one can overcome the different kinds of afflictions in life. Hence the present study was undertaken to find out the effect of intervention of yoga therapy in obese individuals. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at MRPL ladies club auditorium in the MRPL Township after an informed and written consent from all the participants. The research protocol was approved by institutional ethics committee. The study consisted of forty obese male and female subjects. The changes in Body weight, Body Mass Index, Blood sugar, MDA level and Total antioxidant status was estimated before and after one month of yoga therapy. The data obtained was analyzed using paired't' test.p<0.05 was the level of significance. Result: There was a significant decline in the Body Weight (p=0.020), BMI (p=0.000), Fasting Blood Sugar (p=0.03) and Post Prandial Blood Sugar (p=0.000) MDA (p=0.000) and significant increase in Total Antioxidant Level (p=0.021) after yoga when compared to that before the yoga therapy. Conclusion: Yoga therapy is beneficial in maintaining better health by regulating BMI, Oxidative status by improving the biochemical functions of the body and helpful to overcome the complications of obesity.

A middle aged man presented with evidence of right-sided heart failure in atrial fibrillation (AF) and was found to have severe Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), with normal left ventricular function. The common possible secondary causes of PAH were ruled out, but during investigation he was found to have elevated thyroid function tests compatible with the diagnosis of Graves' disease. The treatment of Graves' disease was started with anti-thyroid drugs and associated with a significant reduction in the pulmonary arterial pressure. This case report is presented to highlight one of the rare and underdiagnosed presentations of Graves' disease. Thyrotoxicosis can present with profound cardiovascular complications. In recent times, there have been few reports of secondary PAH with TR in patients with hyperthyroidism. Previously asymptomatic Graves' disease having the signs and symptoms of right heart failure is a rare presentation and the association could be easily missed. This case presentation emphasizes that the diagnosis of thyroid heart disease with heart failure secondary to Graves' disease should be considered in any patient regardless of age, gender with clinical features of heart failure of unknown etiology and timely initiation of anti-thyroid drugs is necessary to treat these reversible cardiac failures.