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Objective: the aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection on Chilean pregnant women and its relationship with the appearance and severity of hyperemesis and dyspepsia. Methods: quantitative study of prevalence in a transversal cut with variable analysis. The sample was taken from 274 Chilean pregnant women from the Bío Bío province through vein puncture between June and December, 2005. Pregnant women were informed of this study, interviewed and signed an informed consent. The samples were processed using ImmunoComb II Helicobacter pylori IgG kit. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Program. Results: out of the total number of pregnant women, 68.6% showed infection by Helicobacter pylori. 79.6% of the total sample had symptoms of dyspepsia, and 72.5% of this group presented Helicobacter pylori infection. 12.4% showed pregnancy hyperemesis; among them, 79.4% were infected with Helicobacter pylori. 73.4% of the pregnant women that showed gastric discomfort during the first three months had Helicobacter pylori infection. 53.7% of them continued with gastric discomfort after the first three months; of those, 95.8% were infected. Helicobacter pylori infection was present only in 1.5% of pregnant women without gastric discomfort. Conclusion: both, gastric discomfort of pregnant women and the continuity of severe symptoms of dyspepsia and hyperemesis after the first three months of gestation are significantly correlated with Helicobacter pylori infection.

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RESUMEN:Esta investigación se inscribe dentro de las nuevas líneas de investigación que abordan la influencia de los factores contextuales sobre el rendimiento escolar en matemáticas. En particular, se examina si la percepción que tienen los alumnos acerca de diversas dimensiones de la convivencia escolar tiene incidencia en su logro académico. La muestra de estudio estuvo compuesta por 314 estudiantes chilenos. Los modelos de regresión ordinal y logística, muestran el impacto negativo sobre el rendimiento escolar en matemáticas que tienen las dimensiones de Agresión e Indisciplina del constructo convivencia escolar, especialmente para el grupo femenino que asiste a establecimientos escolares de mayor vulnerabilidad social. Se discuten las implicaciones y proyecciones de estos resultados para gestión del profesorado de matemáticas al interior del aula escolar, como también, de las autoridades y agentes de políticas educativas. Palabras clave: Matemáticas, Convivencia escolar, rendimiento, indisciplina, género. Impact of students' perception of school social environment on their mathematical academic performanceABSTRACT:This study involves a new line of research related to the influence of contextual factors on school performance in mathematics. Specifically, it examines whether the students' perception of different aspects of the school environment has an impact on their academic achievement. The study sample was comprised of 314 Chilean students. Ordinal and logistic regression models revealed a negative impact on school performance in mathematics for the dimensions of Aggression and Indiscipline of the school environment construct, especially for female students who attend schools of high vulnerable social contexts. We discuss the implications and importance of these results in order to improve the math teaching process within the classroom setting, and also to inform authorities who are responsible for establishing educational policies.

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