The relationship between periodontitis (or periodontal disease) with Alzheimer’s disease has been reported by various primary sources in the past decade, but not with a solid secondary research statement. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and registered (Reference number: CRD42020185264) with PROSPERO (International prospective register for systematic reviews). A literature search was conducted on specific databases for suitable articles in English language. Out of 612 studies selected, 41 underwent full-text analysis; five studies were eligible for systematic review, and 3 for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed with tests for sensitivity and statistical heterogeneity followed by calculation of summary effect measures in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The results of this review showed a significant association between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease in the meta-analysis [OR 1.67 (1.21–2.32)].

The simplest definition of self-medication is the use of drugs (medications) without a doctor's prescription. These drugs are sold in pharmacies and other shops and are referred to as 'Over the counter' or 'Non-prescription.' This phenomenon is rapidly evolving. People take medicines without a doctor's permission for many different reasons. During clinical consultations, some people want to cut down on the time and money they spend. Other people don't bother to see a doctor at all and self-medicate. Other things to think about could be personal issues, such as the fear of losing a job because of a diagnosed condition, mental illness, pain relief, sadness, or ignorance. Self-medication may seem like a good idea at first, but it's important to think about the risks. Self-medication can lead to drug addiction, allergies, habituation, disease worsening, the wrong diagnosis and dose, incapacity, and even death, so it's important not to do it. This is why you should never try to take your own medicine. In this study, the "seriousness" of self-medication is talked about. This review will help everyone who wants to avoid taking their own medicine.

A BSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate candidal parameters in the oral cavity of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: The samples included in the study were divided into two groups: group A, comprises 50 patients with type 2 DM, and group B, comprises 30 subjects who were nondiabetic. A nonrandom consecutive sampling technique was used to enroll the subjects for the study. The χ2 test was used to examine the characteristics of the samples. Results: The results found that there is a significant difference in saliva and swab for Candida growth between patients with type 2 DM and normal healthy individuals. Swab had shown slightly more Candida growth than saliva in group A (type 2 DM). No significant variation in Candida growth was found. Candida krusei was seen in normal healthy individuals alone. In antifungal susceptibility pattern to various antifungal agents, Candida tropicalis has shown a significant result for various antifungal agents whereas Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis did not show any significant result for various antifungal agents used in group A (patients with type 2 DM). Conclusion: Diabetic individuals who are prone to a hyperglycemic state favors the growth and establishment of Candida species. Although a smaller percentage of multidrug-resistant Candida species has been observed in the saliva of patients with type 2 DM.

Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, and it is a big health issue, especially in developing countries. Even though science has come a long way in various ways, it is still one of the leading causes of death. In many developing countries, smoking and drinking alcohol seem to be the main things that cause oral cancer. Oral cancer (OC) is the most common type of cancer in India. It causes 50-70% of all cancer deaths and has the highest rate of occurrence among Asian countries. Most of the time, oral cancer affects the front of the tongue, the cheek, the floor of the mouth, the gums, or any other part of the mouth, including the palate, the lip, and the floor of the mouth. There are a lot of differences in how often oral cancer happens around the world. The biggest cause of oral disease-related deaths worldwide is estimated to be oral cancer, which is a serious health concern.

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