Novel blends of two furan resins with an unsaturated polyester have been prepared and cured by parallel free radical (for the unsaturated polyester) and acid-catalysed crosslinking (for the furan resin) to give co-cured composite materials. Although these materials have inferior physical properties, such as low Tg and low storage modulus compared with those of unsaturated polyester and furan resins alone, they show markedly improved flame retardance compared with that of the normally highly flammable unsaturated polyester. This increased flame retardance arises from a condensed phase mechanism in which the furanic component forms a semi-protective char, reducing rates of thermal degradation and total heat release and heat of combustion. The blends also burn with reduced smoke output compared with that from unsaturated polyester alone.

This study demonstrated that the variation in physical and chemical performance on cotton double jersey knit fabrics was decided by the knit structure, water repellent chemicals types and their concentration. Here, two types of double jersey fabrics were treated with different types of water repellent chemicals at different formulations to evaluate the performance of water repellent finishes on knit fabrics properties. The levels of water repellency of the fabrics were assessed by AATCC 127 hydrostatic head test method and by ISO 4920:2012 spray rating test method. To evaluate the performance of water repellent finishes on knit fabric properties, GSM, bursting strength test according to ASTM (D 3786-87) method, air permeability, color fastness to wash, water, perspiration, chlorinated water and color fastness to rubbing with ISO method were done. The results showed that both physical and chemical properties of the finished cotton knits, depend to a great extent on knit structure, the water repellent finish type and concentration to obtain water repellent fabrics with desirable properties.

The capabilities of the fluorocarbon-free alkyl urethane based resin, was analyzed on cotton fabric. In this study, both single jersey and double jersey knit structured fabrics were taken to evaluate the performance of different water repellent finishes on fabrics properties. The performance of the fluorocarbon-free alkyl urethane based resin and fluorocarbon based water repellent chemicals were evaluated and compared at different formulations. The effectiveness of water repellency of the finished fabrics were evaluated by AATCC 127 hydrostatic head test method and by ISO 4920:2012 spray rating test method. To assess the performance of water repellent finished knit fabrics, GSM, bursting strength test, stiffness, color fastness to wash, color fastness to sea water, color fastness to saliva, color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to light were done according to ISO and ASTM method. The results showed that the fluorocarbonfree alkyl urethane based resin treated fabrics exhibited competitive result on water repellency, other physical and chemicals properties. The water repellent finish type and concentration were very important criteria to obtain good water repellency. Environmental friendly fluorocarbon-free water repellent chemicals could be a good alternative than fluorocarbon based water repellent chemicals.

This study demonstrated that the changes in functional properties of both woven and knit cotton fabrics were determined to evaluate the performance of different special finishes. Here, 100% cotton fabrics were treated with different types of finishing chemicals at different formulations. To assess the performance of different finishes on fabric properties, GSM, bursting strength, tensile strength, dimensional stability, absorbency, crease recovery angle with ASTM and AATCC methods were done. The results showed that the functional properties of the finished cotton fabrics both woven and knit depend to a great extent on the type of finish.