ЗООТЕХНИЯ Продуктивность молодняка мясо-шерстных овец разных генотипов РЕЗЮМЕАктуальность и методика. В статье приведены результаты изучения мясной продуктивности баранчиков в возрасте 4,5 мес. и шерстной продуктивности ярок-годовиков, полученных от подбора маток акжаикских мясо-шерстных овец с производителями акжаикской, северокавказской и куйбышевской пород.Результаты. Изучение мясной и шерстной продуктивности молодняка, полученного от разных вариантов подбора родительских пар, показало влияние баранов-производителей на улучшение мясных качеств и повышение настригов шерсти. Туши всех баранчиков были хорошо сформированы и характеризовали овец мясо-шерстного направления продуктивности с лучшими показателями убоя от производителей куйбышевской породы.Более высокими показателями шерстной продуктивности отличается потомство северокавказских баранов. В целом, шерсть ярок-годовиков была типичной для кроссбредной, по тонине и в целом по штапелю уравнена хорошо. По физико-техническим свойствам отвечает требованиям текстильной промышленности для нормальной однородной полутонкой шерсти. Productivity of young meat and wool sheep of different genotypes ABSTRACTRelevance and methods. The article presents the results of a study of the meat productivity of rams aged 4.5 months. and wool productivity of bright-year-olds obtained from the selection of queens of akzhaik meat-wool sheep with producers of akzhaik, north caucasian and kuibyshev breeds. Results.A study of the meat and wool productivity of young animals obtained from different options for the selection of parental pairs showed the influence of sheep-producers on improving meat qualities and increasing wool cuts. The carcasses of all the rams were well formed and characterized the sheep of the meatwool direction of productivity with the best slaughter rates from the producers of the kuibyshev breed. The best indicators of wool productivity were offspring of north caucasian sheep. In general, bright-year-old wool was typical of crossbred, with fine fineness and overall staple equalization. According to its physical and technical properties, it meets the requirements of the textile industry for normal homogeneous semi-fine wool.

The aim of the research is increasing the productive indicators of replacement sheep of different genotypes by im-proving the interior indicators. To conduct the research, three groups of ewe hoggs with 20 heads each were formed: 1 group – ewe hoggs born from stud rams and Akzhaik ewes (AKSHM x AKSHM); 2 group – ewe hoggs born from stud rams of the North Caucasian breed and Akzhaik ewes (SK x AKSHM); 3 group – ewe hoggs born from Kuibyshev stud ram breed and Akzhaik ewes (KB x AKSHM). Blood parameters, live weight at the age of 4 and 8 months, hair cut at the age of 8 months was studied of animals of these groups. It was found that blood parame-ters of the ewe hoggs of different genotypes have significant differences and these affect the indicators of growth intensity and hair cutting. The content of red blood cells and hemoglobin of ewe hoggs from group 3 was higher by 0.551012/l and 9.32 g/l, respectively, than of ones from group 1. The biochemical blood parameters of crossbred ewe hoggs from groups 3 and 2 at 4 and 8 months of age in terms of total protein by 2.84 and 4.73 g/l, glucose – by 0.86 and 1.02 mmol/l exceeded the results of purebred Akzhaik ewe hoggs. Crossbreds of groups 2 and 3 in the 8-month age were superior to their herdmates of Akzhaik breed in live weight by 3.04 and 2.74 kg, and the washed wool cut – by 0.18 and 0.24 kg, respectively.

The effectiveness and competitiveness of sheep breeding directly depends on increasing the productivity of animals and improving the quality of products obtained from them, and this has been achieving by targeted breeding using the genetic potential of sheep breeds. The solution to this problem can be implemented through the rational use of breed resources of domestic and imported sheep breeding. Sheep breeding in Kazakhstan is the oldest branch of animal husbandry, which plays a major role in providing the national economy with specifi c types of raw materials and food. Sheep produce the largest amount of various products: wool for diff erent purposes, mutton, fat raw materials, sheep’s milk, sheep skin-fur-leather raw materials, lamb pelts. The whole of Kazakhstan and the West Kazakhstan region are characterized by a wide variety of natural, climatic and economic factors that have a specifi c infl uence on the development of sheep breeding in certain regions. In the West Kazakhstan region breeding work is carried out in a herd of Akzhaik wool-and-meat producing sheep to improve individual productive indicators by using the genetic potential of the gene pool of diff erent semifi ne-wool breeds, so breeding and improvement in order to increase the productivity of Akzhaik meat-wool sheep with double productivity is relevant and has great economic signifi cance. The inheritance and correlation of productive traits in Akzhaik wool-and-meat producing sheep obtained from diff erent mating options have been studied in the paper. It has been established that the inheritance of the main economically useful traits is additive in nature in an intermediate type with minor deviations towards one of the parent forms. The coeffi cients of heritability of live weight, clip, length and fi ber fi neness of wool are within the average values. The highest correlation coeffi cients (0,65–0,70) have been found in all groups between the length and fi ber fi neness of wool.

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The purpose of researches is to increase wool efficiency and quality of wool Akzhaiksky meat-wool breed of sheep due to purposeful use of new lines. Material for researches served Akzhaiksky meat-wool breed ewe of the BAK-4087 and ZKATU-7082 line. Both lines were created by method of difficult uniform and diverse selection of initial material that has allowed to receive animals of desirable type from which animals of the second generation from them by homogeneous and heterogeneous selection have been received selection for cultivation «in itself» has been made. Lines were created by taking into account wool efficiency and its quality indicators. In article comparative indicators of wool efficiency are considered it is bright the compared lines at 8-month age. By wool cutting in the original and free wool the ZKATU-7082 lines ewes are surpassed the contemporaries from the BAK-4087 line on 0.17 and 0.13 kg, respectively. From ewes BAK-4087 lines 64.0% of wool of the 56th quality and 16.0% – the 58th quality are received, and from it is bright the ZKATU-7082 lines 66.0% of wool of the 58th quality and 30.0% of wool – the 56th quality are received. Other wool by quality in the compared groups was the 50th quality. For indicators of natural and true length of wool and fortress of wool fibers the BAK-4087 lines authentically ewes are surpassed by ewes ZKATU-7082 lines. The obtained data can be the basis for improvement of wool efficiency of Akzhaiksky meat-wool breed sheep.