This paper presents the most recent works on cash Waqf, focusing on identifying contemporary scholars' work in this area, providing a novel framework to indicate the existing gap, subsequently, it opens the door wider for new research commitment. This research adopts the paradigm of qualitative approach research, based on disk-based research. Google Scholar was employed, searching through the passage. Only contemporary English documents within the period of 2002-2019 were the subject of this study. Lately, cash Waqf has been proven as a proper method for poverty alleviation. Previous studies attempted to address several models in order to enhance socio-economics issues. This research is a distinct attempt, as to the best of our knowledge, there is no previous research addressed the subject matter. Moreover, this study is expected to assist the interested scholars by offering comprehensive conclusion about have been done in the field. Hence, opens new doors for scholars to develop new innovative cash Waqf models to bridge the socio-economic issues. Our findings depict that Malaysian and Indonesian scholars show a robust research commitment on cash Waqf during 2002-2019. Furthermore, this study highlights the existing gap that must be researched to enrich the potentials of cash Waqf, future research should address other countries practices in term of cash Waqf, moreover, validating a proposed model through interviews to ensure that a proposed model is applicable. In terms of cash Waqf awareness, research might consider peer influence", "self-efficacy in contributing to cash Waqf.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the awareness and willingness level of millennials in Indonesia toward cash waqf (cash endowment). Cash waqf has gained huge attention in Indonesia because of its flexibility, especially after officially announcing that cash waqf practices are sharia-compliant in 2002 in the country. Millennials comprise 33.75% of the total Indonesian population. Therefore, it is vital to analyze cash waqf from an Indonesian perspective. This study provides vital information for all institutions that are concerned with the enhancement of the cash waqf contributions in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachSelf-structured questionnaires were distributed in Java Island to collect the data. The data were examined by employing suitable statistical tools. Besides, post-interview fact-finding was conducted with cash waqf experts from different related institutions in Indonesia to reach a more in-depth understanding about cash waqf issues.FindingsThe results depict a high level of awareness about cash waqf among millennials in Indonesia. The results further reveal a lower willingness level to contribute to cash waqf of the sample population as compared to their level of awareness about cash waqf. Moreover, cash waqf promotions must focus on delivering a deeper understanding about the concept and how it differs from other types of Islamic philanthropy. The results suggest that waqf trustees in the country must be more transparent. Moreover, the Indonesian Waqf Board should implement stricter rules to monitor waqf trustees.Research limitations/implicationsThis research concerns the willingness and awareness toward cash waqf among Indonesian Muslims who were born between 1980 and 2000.Practical implicationsAs a Muslim-majority country, one would expect Indonesia to make much progress in cash waqf. By providing an explanatory understanding of willingness and awareness of cash waqf among Indonesians, this research can be helpful in designing proper educative marketing campaigns for future endowers to cash waqf activities to ensure cash waqf institutions provide efficient services. It is advisable to emphasize the transparency of waqf organizations. This will add to the nazhir's (waqf trustee) reputation, thereby boosting waqf's national shares by ensuring a proper allocation of cash waqf. The regulator should be more strict in monitoring nazhir’s practices. For instance, it could include a periodic assessment of waqf entities.Originality/valueThis study is original in nature; there is no previous study that addresses the millennial’s perspective toward cash waqf in Indonesia. Hence, this study presents precious information for policy makers, practitioners and researchers.

Waqf (Islamic endowment) has received great attention from contemporary scholars, in line with the increasing attention being paid to social welfare.  However, it is conceptually unclear, with no consensus having been reached among researchers on its current status.  This study provides a brief overview of recent Waqf research developments, hence paving the way for future research. The research employs a bibliometric approach to analysing and summarising the trends and status quo in Waqf growth.  Only articles written in English extracted from both the Web of Science and Scopus databases were considered for the study. The paper is an attempt to establish a solid conceptual base and to suggest directions for future research.  The research provides a clear picture of the growth of Waqf, and indicates research gaps by reaching comprehensive conclusions about what has been achieved in the field. It hence opens new doors for scholars to develop innovative Waqf models to bridge socioeconomic issues. Our findings show that Indonesian and Malaysian scholars and their educational institutions have had a robust research commitment to the theme of Waqf during the last forty years. However, there is a lack of research on the countries where Waqf was first practised.

The aim of this study is to understand perception of conventional banks’ customers towards Islamic banking by examining their level of awareness about Islamic banking. The qualitative approach was used in the form of semi-structured interviews under the phenomenological approach in Damascus city. The main findings of this research are customers lack awareness of Islamic banking operations. Furthermore, Islamic banks’ stuff play a crucial rule to enhance awareness and willingness towards their services. This study revealed that an informative advertising campaign is highly recommended to raise the awareness level among Syrians towards Islamic banking. Moreover, Islamic banks should be more selective especially when they recruit customer service operation staff. This research is a pioneering attempt towards Islamic banking issues in the case of Syria from a customer perspective. It contributes to the Syrian perceptions towards Islamic banking literature.

Doubtful finance is the worst nightmare for banks, but this can be avoided if a bank follows a proper strategy to avoid such kind of finance. Due to the violent political crisis in the country, most of the contemporary studies have excluded Syria from their samples. The present study aims to evaluate the performances of Islamic and conventional banks in Syria through a comparative analysis. A secondary aim of this study is to shed some light on the main factors influencing non-performing finance in both Islamic and conventional banks. This study addressed the entire private banking sector in Syria consisting of 11 conventional banks and 3 full-fledged Islamic banks over the period of 2011-2017. To this end, several financial ratios and macroeconomic variables along with independent sample t-test and panel data regression were employed. The results indicated that the Islamic banks were better in terms of assets quality. Panel data regression manifested that gross domestic product growth, exchange rate, finance to deposit ratio, and operating expenses ratio had a significant impact on non-performing finance. This study provides an alluded picture of Syrian private banking sectors that enables authorities to deliberate on the pertinent macroeconomic NPF determinants such as exchange rate and GDP growth.