Limbah nata de coco merupakan nata yang tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai produk setelah proses sortasi sehingga menghasilkan limbah padat dan jarang dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa pada limbah padat nata de coco sebesar 42,57%. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat plastik biodegradable dengan hasil limbah nata de coco dengan penambahan plasticizer. Metode yang digunakan pada pembuatan plastik biodegradable ini adalah metode inversi fasa dengan variasi berat selulosa 2%; 2,5%; dan 3% (b/v), variasi volume gliserol sebesar 2%, 3%, dan 5% (v/v), dan penambahan kitosan sebagai penguat. Karakteristik pastik biodegradable diuji menggunakan UTM (Universal Testing Machine) dan FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Plastik biodegradable yang dihasilkan dari berbagai perbandingan berat selulosa dan volume gliserol memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik optimal memiliki nilai kuat tarik optimal sebesar 4,34 MPa, nilai elongasi optimal sebesar 4,44% dan nilai ketahanan air optimal sebesar 65,20%. Pada analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan tidak ditemukan adanya gugus fungsi baru dalam plastik biodegradable selain gugus fungsi bahan pembentuknya. Pada uji biodegradabilitas, diperoleh nilai biodegradabilitas sebesar 80% – 100% setelah ditimbun di dalam tanah selama 14 hari.Nata de coco waste is nata that cannot be used as a product after the sorting process so that it produces solid waste and is rarely utilized. The cellulose content in nata de coco solid waste is 42.57%, the purpose of this study is to make biodegradable plastic with the results of nata de coco waste by adding plasticizers. The method used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics is the phase inversion method with cellulose weight variation; 2%; 2.5%; and 3% (w / v), variations in the volume of glycerol by 2%, 3%, and 5% (v/v), and the addition of chitosan as an amplifier. The biodegradable plastic characteristics were tested using UTM (Universal Testing Machine) and FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Biodegradable plastics that are produced from various weight cellulose and glycerol volume ratios have different characteristics. Biodegradable plastic with optimal characteristics has an optimal tensile strength value of 4.34 MPa, optimal elongation value of 4.44% and an optimal water resistance value of 65.20%. In the analysis of functional groups (FTIR) no new functional groups were found in biodegradable plastics in addition to the functional groups forming materials. In the biodegradability test, a biodegradability value of 80% - 100% is obtained after being buried in the ground for 14 days.
Exploration of biodegradable plastic material will solve pollution problem. The side product of nata de coco is potential to be proceed as biodegradable plastic due to its cellulose content, up to 42.57%. This research meant to learned the effect of chitosan addition for the making of biodegradable plastic from waste of nata de coco. The inversion phase was used in this study to produce bioplastics then several physical tests, FTIR, and biodegradability examination conducted to evaluate its mechanical properties. This study used complete randomized design combined with factorial design. The bioplastic product was manufactured using cellulose of nata de coco in three variation, 2.00; 2.50; 3.00 gram combined with 3 variation of chitosan, 2.50; 3.00; 3.50 gram. Statistical analysis of all quantitative data was conducted by using Multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) (p<0.05) using the SPSS-25 program. Based on the result of the research, the value of mechanical properties there is an optimal tensile strength of bioplastics was 4,22 Mpa and elongation was 3,28%. An optimal water resistance value of bioplastics was 70,93%. FTIR result indicate that synthesized bioplastics have a wavelength value similar to the constituent raw material and biodegradability result obtained 80 - 100 %.
Saat ini indikator sintetik adalah pilihan titrasi asam-basa, tetapi karena alasan polusi lingkungan, ketersediaan, dan biaya, pencarian senyawa alami sebagai indikator asam basa telah dimulai. Indikator membantu menentukan titik ekivalen dalam titrasi asam basa (titrasi netralisasi). Indikator menunjukkan perubahan warna yang signifikan akibat perubahan pH. Pigmen berwarna yang diperoleh dari berbagai jenis tumbuhan telah ditemukan menunjukkan perubahan warna dengan variasi pH. Saat ini berbagai ekstrak tumbuhan digunakan sebagai indikator asam basa, salah satunya adalah kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Wonosari, Klaten, dengan mengambil topik indikator titrasi asam basa untuk memberikan alternatif penggunaan ekstrak kulit buah naga dalam pembelajaran praktikum kimia. Umumnya penggunaan indikator asam basa antara lain adalah kertas lakmus dan indikator berbentuk larutan seperti metil orange dan phenolftalein. Penggunaan indikator alami dapat menjadi alternatif pendukung dalam pemilihan indikator yang ramah lingkungan. Ekstrak kulit buah naga ini selanjutnya dibuat menjadi bentuk kertas pH sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai indikator asam basa.
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