Background: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been linked to a variety of B-cell lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL), classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), at rates ranging from 5 to 10% of DLBCL cases to >95% in endemic BL. Methods: The Present study conducted in AL-Najaf Holy City; it is a cross sectional study. All patients were recruited from Middle Euphrates Cancer Research Unit Laboratory, from pre-existing samples. Tissues collected from the previously mentioned laboratory were fixed in 10% formalin and placed in a cassette before being embedded in paraffine. The tissues were examined and diagnosed as with Hodgkin disease. Eighty samples were subjected in the present study. All study group was diagnosed formerly as paraffin imbedding blocks. Molecular analysis also used to detection of EBV-LMP-1 Gene. Histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosine stain (H&E) then examining under light microscope to check for EBV-LMP-1 protein in twenty block samples of tissues with lymphoma. Results:  The result of the current study revealed that EBV-LMP-1 marker found in 12.5% of cases that had been diagnosed by PCR and IHC.

Wound infection is described as the occurrence of microorganisms in sufficient numbers or with sufficient virulence in a wound environment to stimulate an immune system response locally, systemically, or both. The present study focused on assessing the immune response by measuring cytokine levels ( IL-1, IL-22 ) in the serum of rats that induced wound infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thirty-six female Albino rats were used, divided into 3 groups GI (infected group), GII (wound without infection group), and GIII (healthy control group). An excision wound was made on the rat’s back and then contaminated the wound region with a bacterial solution that contain 2.5 ×106 CFU of P. aeruginosa. Following that, blood samples were taken at predetermined time periods (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours) following infection to evaluate immunological response during wound infection. We found that the cytokines (IL-1) were detectable at all times ( 24, 48, 72 ) hours and observed in all studied groups while a significantly elevated level of IL-22 ( 0.77 ± 0.08 ) pg/ml was recorded in 24 hours in the infection group and then decreased at 72 hours.

Wounds infection is pathogen-infected to the point where it triggers a local and systemic reaction in the host. Multiple pathogens typically colonize wounds, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a higher prevalence in wound infection. This study tried to assess the immune response by measuring the level of complement fragment C5a in the serum of rats that induced wound infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The animal was divided into three groups ( infected wound , wound without infection, and healthy control ) and the procedure was performed by inducing 10 mm excisional wound on the dorsal region of rats and after 24h from inducing wound contaminated the wound region in the infected group only with bacterial suspension that contains 2.5 ×106 CFU of P. aeruginosa. Then at specific determined time points (24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs) after infection blood samples and skin biopsy samples were collected. By using ELISA kitt sandwich methods we found that C5a is highly elevated in the infected group in comparison with other animal groups. And the histological section showed no signs of inflammation during 24hrs while necrosis of the dermis layer was observed after 48hrs and 72hrs.

Background: Data on the age-specific prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. According to most studies, by the age of 35, more than 90% of adults are EBV antibody positive. Comparison of demographic groups could identify factors associated with its acquisition.  Methods: The Present study conducted in AL-Najaf Holy City; it is a cross sectional study. All patients were recruited from Middle Euphrates Cancer Research Unit Laboratory, from pre-existing samples. Tissues collected from the previously mentioned laboratory were fixed in 10% formalin and placed in a cassette before being embedded in paraffine. The tissues were examined and diagnosed as with Hodgkin disease. forty samples were subjected in the present study. All study group was diagnosed formerly as paraffin imbedding blocks. Histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosine stain (H&E) then examining under light microscope to check for twenty block samples of tissues with lymphoma. Results: From a total of 40 FFPET blocks were tested.  The mean age was 34.92 years. The age group prevalence was as follows: ≤10 years, 2.5%; 10–20 years, 25%; 21–30 years, 22.5%; 31–40 years, 10%; and 41–50 years, 20%; ≥ 50, 20%.