Chondroid syringoma is a rare benign adnexal tumor of sweat glands with microscopic resemblance to the salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma. Cytology is rarely utilized for preoperative assessment of these slow-growing, small, nodular lesions. Definitive cytological diagnosis is also quite difficult, and majority of the aspirates are evaluated as benign adnexal tumors leading to mandatory histopathological examination for pinpoint diagnosis. Here, we report a case of chondroid syringoma of forearm, which was diagnosed by cytology and also confirmed after histopathological examination. Pinpoint cytological diagnosis can help early formulation of necessary management protocol.

Background:Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic infective disorder caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It usually presents as a soft polypoidal pedunculated or sessile mass. Nose and nasopharynx are the commonest sites, followed by conjunctiva, maxillary sinuses, penis, urethra.Aims:The aim of this study is to present the clinicopathological features of rhinosporidiosis in a large series of cases and to asses the role of cytology in diagnosis.Materials and Methods:63 cases were included in the study group. Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis was confirmed in all cases by histology with or without cytological evaluation. May-Grünwald-Giemsa and hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining was used in all cases, and special stains like periodic acid Schiff and mucicarmine were used in a few cases. Detailed clinical history of all the cases was noted. Routine hematological investigations including ABO blood grouping were done in all possible cases.Results:Evaluation of the clinical data in our series demonstrated male predominance (36 out of 63; 56%). Nose and nasopharynx were the commonest sites involved (74.6%). Routine hematology tests did not show any significant change in most of the cases. However, a significant proportion of the study population (18 out of 41; 44%) had blood group O. Cytodiagnosis attempted in 17 cases out of 63 cases achieved 100% correlation with histology.Conclusion:Morphological appearance alone in a few cases failed to give diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis. Cytology can be very helpful in diagnosis in these cases, but histology is the mainstay of diagnosis.

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Cytological demonstration of microfilaria and adult worms often helps in diagnosis of asymptomatic filarial cases. But demonstration of microfilaria in cytological smears from upper extremity lesions is seldom reported. We are presenting a 32-year-old female patient with elongated, small subcutaneous swelling in the medial aspect of right lower arm. Aspirates from the lesion demonstrate microfilaria though there is no eosinophilia or microfilaremia on subsequent examination of blood sample. In endemic areas, filariasis should always be considered as a possible diagnosis during cytological assessment of any swelling.

Cylindromas are uncommon benign adnexal tumor. Multiple cylindromas are commonly genetically inherited and also known as "turban tumor." Cytology of dermal cylindroma is rarely discussed in previous literature. We have diagnosed a case of dermal cylindroma of scalp in an elderly female patient by fine needle aspiration cytology of the lesion and further confirmation was done by histopathology. Cytology consists of many clusters of small round to oval basaloid cells surrounded and attached with magenta coloured acellular hyaline material. The cells have very scanty cytoplasm and dark, round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei without any nuclear membrane irregularity. Histopathology revealed nests of tumor cells separated by dense pink, PAS positive basement membrane material with a jigsaw puzzle appearance. Cytology of cylindroma should be differentiated from adenoid cystic carcinoma and other benign adnexal tumor like spiradenoma. We have discussed the case of cylindroma of scalp diagnosed by cytology and confirmed by histopathology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:1082-1084. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.