<b>Violence in a gospel of love: The perspective of the Gospel of John on violence against Jesus and his disciples </b> This article is the first of two articles in which violence in the Gospel of John is discussed. In these articles strong techniques of vilification in the Gospel are pointed out, according to which the status of the opposing group is radically discredited by the Jews on the one hand, and the followers of Jesus on the other hand. In the first article violence and vilification by the Jews, or disciples of Moses against the followers and disciples of Jesus are investigated. It is argued that the central issue of the conflict revolves around the question: Where is God's presence to be found? Among the Jews or among the followers of Jesus? The conflict and violence in John could be understood against the backdrop of this important question

<b>The reaction of Jesus and his disciples to violence in the Gospel of John</b> This article is the second of two articles in which violence in the Gospel of John is discussed. It is argued that Jesus' disciples used techniques of vilification in the Gospel, inter alia as way of dealing with the violence they experience at the hands of their opponents. Closer investigation reveals that they use vilification against their opponents as a pragmatic device for missionary purposes

Murine colon 26 carcinoma growing at either subcutaneous (s.c.) or intramuscular (i.m.) inoculation sites causes cachexia in mice. Such animals show extensive loss of body weight, wasting of the muscle and adipose tissues, hypoglycaemia, and hypercalcaemia, even when the tumour weight comprises only about 1.9% of carcass weight. In contrast, the same tumour when inoculated into the liver does not cause any sign of tumour-related cachexia even when the tumour becomes much larger (6.6% of carcass weight). Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a mediator associated with cachexia in this tumour model, is detected at high levels both in the tumour tissues and in the circulating blood of mice bearing colon 26 tumour at the s.c. inoculation site. In contrast, only minute levels of IL-6 are detected in the tumour grown in the liver. The colon 26 tumour grown in the liver does not lose its ability to cause cachexia, because the tumour when re-inoculated s.c. is able to cause extensive weight loss and produce IL-6 as did the original colon 26 cell line. Histological studies revealed differences in the composition of tumour tissues: the tumours grown in the subcutis consist of many polygonal tumour cells, extended-intercellular space, and high vascular density, whereas those grown in the liver consist of spindle-shaped tumour cells. Thus, the environment where tumour cells grow would be a critical factor in determining the cachectic phenotype of cancer cells, including their ability to produce IL-6.

The role of ethics in preaching: New research in New Testament ethics and the implication for preaching
To the Reformers, legalism was one of the greatest dangers that threatened the heart of preaching and Christian life in general. Luther argued that where preaching solidifies and degenerates into legalism, the essence of the gospel of grace is lost. Therefore, the dynamic relationship between identity, ethics and ethos in the New Testament has to be rediscovered. It is argued that the classical Bultmanian distinction between indicative and imperative does not do justice to the implicit ethical dimension of Biblical texts. New research into ethics, represented by Zimmermann’s heuristic categories, may help us in rediscovering the implicit ethical dimensions in the New Testament. Those who want to speak of the theology of ethical preaching should also take the new research in New Testament ethics into consideration

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