Objectives Dry socket and post-extraction pain are typical discomforts experienced by patients after tooth extraction. In this study, we inserted gauze coated with oxytetracycline-hydrocortisone ointment into the extraction socket immediately after lower third molar extraction and then evaluated the occurrence of dry socket and post-extraction pain compared with gauze non-insertion. Methods This retrospective study was carried out on patients undergoing lower third molar extraction in the Department of Oral Surgery at Shizuoka Prefectural General Hospital in Shizuoka, Japan from November 2018 to October 2019. A comparison was carried out between a gauze-insertion group and a non-insertion group. The occurrence versus non-occurrence of dry socket was determined, and degree of pain was assessed based on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and on patients reporting the number of loxoprofen sodium oral analgesic tablets (60mg/tablet) that they had taken. Dry socket was defined as patient-reported spontaneous pain that did not subside 1 to 3 days postoperatively. Spontaneous post-extraction pain was recorded four times: on the operative day, on the first postoperative day (POD1), on POD3, and during suture removal (POD7). Results The occurrence of dry socket was lower in the gauze-insertion group than in the non-insertion group (0.9%, 2/215 vs. 19.6%, 9/46, p<0.001). The results also showed that both VAS-defined pain level and the number of analgesic tablets taken were lower in the gauze-insertion group than in the non-insertion group on POD3 and POD7. Conclusions and clinical relevance Inserting gauze coated with oxytetracycline-hydrocortisone ointment into the extraction socket immediately after third molar extraction reduces the occurrence of both dry socket and post-extraction pain.

Mucinous cystadenoma (MCA) usually occurs in the appendix, ovary, kidney, and pancreas. MCA is sometimes considered a borderline tumor. In the oral and maxillofacial region, MCA most commonly occurs in the parotid glands and the minor salivary glands; however, the frequency is low. We describe a 65-year-old woman who had a slowly enlarging tumor, 10mm in diameter, in the hard palate. Magnetic resonance images of the lesion revealed hyperintensity on both Ti-weighted and T2-weighted images. The tumor was successfully excised. Histologically, the tumor was surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and cystic spaces were lined by mucus-producing cells or goblet cells. There was no cellular atypia or invasive growth. The histological diagnosis was MCA.

Our findings suggest that tibial bone graft harvesting is safe and requires a shorter recovery period even in patients aged between 8 and 10 years.

Sympathetic postganglionic and sensory neurons were labelled by injections of horseradish peroxidase into the testis of the male chicken. The total number of labelled neurons in the paravertebral, prevertebral, dorsal root and nodose ganglia was 943 on average for five chickens. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons were located in the paravertebral ganglia T3-LS3 (10% of the total number of labelled neurons), especially in T6 and T7, and in the prevertebral ganglia adjacent to the adrenal glands and aorta (19%). They were found almost ipsilaterally. No labelled neurons were observed in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Sensory neurons were found bilaterally in the dorsal root ganglia T2-LS3 (71%), especially in T5 to T7. Over a quarter of labelled sensory neurons were located in the contralateral dorsal root ganglia. In the nodose ganglia, only a few labelled sensory neurons were observed (much less than 1%). These results indicate that, unlike the ovary, the testis of the chicken tends to be innervated by ipsilaterally located sympathetic postganglionic and sensory neurons, with the sensory neurons being more numerous than the sympathetic postganglionic neurons.

No abstract