This article studies the compromise made by female religious orders in France and in Quebec. Their compromise is with both society and with the Church. The research, reflecting the particularity of the religious orders in the Church, alternates between the logic of network and the logic of territory. In two secularized societies, the sisters negotiate differently their social integration. The compromise acquires a polymorphous dimension linked to the diversity of the sisters and to the diversity of societies. Insertion in a national culture seems to have a strong impact on female religious orders. Furthermore, it is found that sisters react differently in France and in Quebec. Political speeches by some Quebecker sisters indicate perhaps that some of them are moving beyond compromise.
Les recherches sur les femmes dans la sphère scientifique sont nombreuses. Elles montrent, entre autres, que les hommes et les femmes ne s'inscrivent généralement pas dans les mêmes filières scientifiques. Au-delà de ce constat, il est pertinent de s'intéresser aux représentations des sciences de ces étudiantes et étudiants afin de déterminer ce qui influence leur choix. Cette recherche s'appuie sur une enquête menée auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de 1352 inscrits en première année de sciences à l'université de Lille. Nos résultats, tant quantitatifs que qualitatifs, soulignent l'importance des filières dans l'explication des différents modes de représentations des sciences, d'une part, et montrent que cette corrélation n'est pas due à la structure par genre des filières, d'autre part.Effectivement, que l'on soit du genre féminin ou masculin, on constate d'importantes disparités d'attitudes par rapport aux sciences, diversités qui s'avèrent fortement corrélées à la filière choisie. Il est donc important de relativiser l'influence du genre sur les modes de représentations des sciences.
For those who wish to understand the contemporary development of the religious orders, it is essential to examine events in “the Europe of Brussels”. In this political space, the leading actors of Catholicism are developing strategies to counterbalance political modernity. Affirming the presence of the religious in the political sphere, they focus on the education of their members concerning European problems and, at the same time, bring action to the heart of the European Union. These strategies testify on the one hand to the violence of the transformations which are shaking the foundations of Catholic religious life and on the other to the modernity of the religious orders.
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