The aim of study was to compare efficacy of therapy with ramipril (R, 10 mg) + spironolacton (S, 25 mg), valsartatan (V, 320 mg) + S, sacubitril/valsartan (S/V, 97/103 mg), and S/V+S on prognosis, left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) and atrial (LA) and (RA) functional parameters, NT-pro-BNP (pg/ml), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and hsCRP (ng/ml) levels in patients (pts) with III NYHA FC heart failure in relation to reduced (HFrEF), mid-ranged (HFmEF) or preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction (EF). Methods 122 pts (age 58.4) with HFrEF (EF<50), 108 pts (age 59.9) with HFmEF (40≤EF<50) and 104 pts (age 63.1) with HFpEF (EF≥50) in sinus rhythm were randomly assigned to groups, receiving R+S (n=32; 28; 27), V+S (n=30; 27; 26) and S/V (n=31; 27; 26) and S/V+S (n=29; 26; 25) in addition to diuretics and beta-blockers. Results 1-year mor-tality and hospitalization (%) were, 40.6 and 73.3; 39.3 and 57.1; 33.3 and 55.5 in R+S; 43.3 and 76.7; 40.7 and 59.3; 38.5 and 57.7 in V+S; 32.3 and 58.1; 29.6 and 48.1 and 30.1 and 42.3 in S/V and 31 and 55.2; 30.8 and 42.3 and 32 and 40 in S/V+S receiving groups with HFrEF, HFmEF and HFpEF, respectively. Survival analysis revealed RR reduction of 1-year mortality at 20.7 and 23.6; 25.4 and 28.4 and hospitalization at 20.7 and 24.3; 24.7 and 29.3 in HFrEF pts, treated by S/V and S/V+S, compared to R+S and V+S, respectively (p<0.05). Similarly, 1-year mortality and hospitalization were reduced at 24.7 and 21.6; 27.3 and 24.3 in HFmEF pts. Significant reduction of 1-year hospitalization at 23.8 and 23.7; 27.9 and 30.7 (p<0.05), but not mortality was revealed in V/S and V/S+S treatment group with HFpEF. 1-year S/V and S/V+S treatment significantly (at % from baseline, p<0.01) decreased levels of TGF-β at 32.3 and 34.5; 31.3 and 33.3, NT-pro-BNP at 40.3 and 42.3 and 38.9 and 40.1, e' at 30.6 and 31.5; 30.2 and 30.6,Ar-A at 56.6 and 58.8; 55.1 and 57.2, RAFI at 34.3 and 35.1; 32.9 and 33.6, LAFI at 35.7 and 36.6; 34.9 and 35.2, LV EF at 23.1 and 24.2; 22.1 and 23.4 in pts with HFrEF and HFmEF, and significant changes of hsCRP at 34.6 and 35.2, levels of TGF-β at 30.2 and 31.2, TAPSE at 42.2 and 43.4, e' at 26.2 and 28.2, PA ET at 19.8 and 20.3 in pts with HFpEF, compared to R+S and V+S, respectively. Conclusions 1) S/V and S/V+S treatment associated with significant reduction of morbidity and mortality in pts with HFrEF and HFmEF, and hospitalization in HFpEF compared to use of R+S and V+S. 2) Changes of NT-pro-BNP, Ar-A, RAFI and LAFI, e' ≥40%, TGF-β ≥30% identified pts with cardiovascular risk reduction in HFrEF and HFmEF groups, while changes of TGF-β, hsCRP≥30%; PAET ≥30% revealed pts with improvement of morbidity in pts with HFpEF. 3) Prognostic improvement in pts treated by S/V and S/V+S has related to improvement of TGF-β, LV systolic and diastolic functional parameters, LA and RA functional parameters in HFrEF and HFmEF and to TGF-β, hsCRP, LV diastolic and RV functional parameters changes in HFpEF.
Aim To determine the role of left ventricular segmental (SLS) and general longitudinal strain (GLS) in early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Material and methods The study included 112 patients aged 58±7 years with suspected ACS without a history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) who were admitted to the hospital within 12 h of complaint onset. The control group consisted of 20 healthy, age- and sex-matched subjects. Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed to assess SLS and GLS on admission and discharge. Ischemia was diagnosed when the SLS was decreased to 14% or lower with a simultaneous post-systolic shortening (PSS) of these segments >20% or when the initial lengthening of the segments was followed by PSS.Results Decreased SLS with PSS of one or more segments was observed in 51.8 % of patients; 16.1% of patients had initial systolic lengthening of one or more segments followed by PSS. In 30.3 % of patients, GLS was 15.5 % or less; 82.3% of these patients had SLS disorders. Later, ACS was diagnosed in 72.3 % of the patients. ACS was not confirmed in 4 (5.2%) of 76 (67.9 %) patients with abnormal SLS changes. All these patients had low SLS values and high PSS values and did not have the initial systolic segmental lengthening. Seven of 9 (8 %) patients with false-negative SLS values had distal narrowing of a coronary artery and two patients had narrowing in the middle part of the artery. All patients with ACS and decreased GSL had a hemodynamically significant narrowing of more than one coronary artery. Incidence of two and more stenosed arteries was higher in patients with PSS and low GSL. Sensitivity and specificity of SLS for diagnosis of acute ischemia were 88.9 and 84.6 %, respectively.Conclusion Assessment of LV strain has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of ACS in patients with the first IHD episode. The presence of PSS associated with decreased GSL may indicate multivascular IHD.
ВведениеДиастолическая дисфункция левого желудочка (ЛЖ) является частой причиной фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) в результате гиперактивности/перегрузки (функ-ционального ремоделирования) левого предсердия (ЛП) для адекватного наполнения ЛЖ [1], а в последую-щем -и структурного ремоделирования ЛП, проявляю-щегося дилатацией и изменениями миокарда [1][2][3].При диастолической дисфункции ЛЖ роль систолы ЛП становится особенно важной, и ФП, при которой ЛП становится механически нефункциональным, приводит к значительному уменьшению наполнения ЛЖ, а, сле-довательно, и к уменьшению его систолического вы-броса. Это приводит к клиническим проявлениям сер-дечной недостаточности [4].Антиаритмические препараты и их комбинации поддерживают восстановленный синусовый ритм в Цель. Изучить эффективность комбинации амиодарона с ивабрадином и комбинации амиодарона с бисопрололом в профилактике рецидивов фибрилляции пред-сердий (ФП) у пациентов с диастолической дисфункцией (ДД) левого желудочка (ЛЖ) после восстановления синусового ритма. Материал и методы. В исследование включены 65 пациентов (40 мужчин, 25 женщин) в возрасте 53±8 лет с персистирующей ФП и ДДЛЖ, рандомизированные в три группы, для получения ивабрадина и амиодарона (22 пациента), бисопролола и амиодарона (22 пациента) и только амиодарона (21 пациент). После периода титрации, а также через 3 и 6 мес вычисляли индексы объемов левого предсердия (ЛП), скорость продольной деформации ЛП в систолу (СДс), индекс массы ЛЖ, и проводилось ЭКГ мониторирование с определением средней ЧСС, вариабельности сердечного ритма за 24 час, а также регистрации эпизодов ФП за 96 час. Результаты. Через 6 мес наблюдения в 1 группе наблюдались значимо меньшие индекс максимального объема ЛП (21,3±2,4 против 25,2±3,0 и 28,7±3,6 мл/м 2 во 2 и контрольной группах, соответственно), индекс объема ЛП в начале ЭКГ P зубца (15,3±3,5 против 18,1±3,8 и 20,4±4,0 мл/м 2 во 2 и контрольной группах, со-ответственно), и индекс ударного объема ЛП (7,3±1,2 против 9,4±1,6 и 9,6±1,7 мл/м 2 во 2 и контрольной группах, соответственно). Частота побочных эффектов в 1 группе была значимо меньше, чем во 2 группе, и не различалась по сравнению с контрольной группой. Заключение. Комбинация ивабрадина с амиодароном обеспечивает лучшую профилактику ФП у больных с ДДЛЖ и персистирующей ФП после восстановления си-нусового ритма с меньшими побочными эффектами по сравнению с комбинацией бисопролола с амиодароном, а также обеспечивает снижение максимального, про-точного и ударного объемов ЛП, с повышением СДс. Aim.To study the efficacy of use of amiodarone with ivabradine combination or amiodarone with bisoprolol combination in the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence in patients (pts) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) after conversion to sinus rhythm. Material and methods. 65 patients (40 males, 25 females) aged 53±8 years with persistent AF and LVDD were included into the study and randomized into 3 groups to receive ivabradine and amiodarone (22 pts), bisoprolol and amiodarone (22 pts) or amiodaro...
Клиническое течение и предикторы ишемической митральной регургитации у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда различной локализации Ключевые слова: ишемическая митральная регургитация, деформация папиллярных мышц, диссинхрония папиллярных мышц, ремоделирование митрального аппарата.
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