AbstrakKematian dan cedera akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Di lingkungan Universitas Indonesia, setiap tahun terjadi peningkatkan kejadian kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan antara persepsi risiko keselamatan berkendara dengan perilaku penggunaan sabuk keselamatan pada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan semi kuantitatif dan desain penelitian potong lintang. Partisipan adalah 98 mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia di Kampus Depok, berusia 18 -25 tahun yang mengendarai kendaraan sendiri. Faktor internal yang membentuk persepsi risiko keselamatan berkendara secara bermakna adalah pengalaman (nilai p = 0,000) dan kepercayaan (nilai p = 0,008), sedangkan faktor eksternal yang signifikan adalah pengaruh teman (nilai p =0,000). Responden yang mempunyai persepsi risiko keselamatan berkendara yang buruk berisiko tidak menggunakan sabuk keselamatan 72 kali lebih besar [OR 72,46 (15,26; 344,02)] daripada responden yang mempunyai persepsi risiko terhadap keselamatan berkendara yang baik. Perlu dilakukan upaya meningkatkan persepsi risiko antara lain melakukan hazard communication dengan menggunakan pengalaman teman sebagai salah satu sumber informasi bagi individu, disebarluaskan melalui website, pemutaran film kejadian kecelakaan, dan membuat papan informasi yang diletakkan pada gerbang utama, meliputi informasi secara berkala dan berkelanjutan tentang kejadian kematian, cedera, dan luka-luka akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas. Kata kunci: Persepi risiko keselamatan, perilaku, sabuk keselamatanAbstract Deaths and injuries caused by traffic accidents has become a public health problem not only in Indonesia but throughout the world. Based on the data of UP-TK3LH University of Indonesia, there is increasing incident and accident in campus within the university each year. The aim of this study is to see the relationship between perception of risk driving safety with safety belts usage behavior among the University of Indonesia students, using semi-quantitative approach and cross-sectional research design. Participants were 98 students of University of Indonesia Depok aged 18 to 25 years who drive their own vehicles. With 5% a, 80% power of the test and SPSS 10:00 software, obtained significant internal factors shape the perception of safety risks are the driving experience (p value = 0.000) and confidence (p value = 0.008), whereas a significant external factor is the influence of friends (p value =0.000). Respondents who have bad perceptions of the driving safety risk have a chance of 72 times [OR 72.46 (15.26; 344.02)] for not using safety belts compared to respondents who have a good perception of driving safety risk. Efforts are required to increase the risk perception include hazard communication by using the experience of a friend as one source of information for individuals, spread through websites, film screenings of an accident scene, and create information boards placed at the main gate, from the...
AbstrakKesehatan kerja merupakan masalah setiap individu karena bekerja dibutuhkan semua orang sebagai sumber pendapatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Sejak lama diketahui bahwa bekerja dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan atau penyakit. Sebaliknya, kesehatan dapat mengganggu pekerjaan. Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman tentang konsep, praktik dan manfaat kesehatan kerja bagi para pekerja dan pemberi kerja. Kesehatan kerja seharusnya tidak hanya terfokus pada diagnosis dan pengobatan klinis, tetapi juga mengerjakan rekognisi hazard, penilaian risiko dan intervensi untuk menghilangkan atau meminimalkan risiko. Lingkupnya diperluas untuk mencegah penyakit dengan cara: (1) penempatan pekerja pada pekerjaan/jabatan yang sesuai (fit) dengan status kesehatan dan kapasitas kerjanya. (2) program promosi kesehatan pekerja; (3) perbaikan lingkungan kerja; (4) perbaikan pekerjaan; (5) pengembangan pengorganisasian pekerjaan dan budaya bekerja.; dan (6) surveilans kesehatan pekerja. Indonesia telah meratifikasi konvensi dan rekomendasi ILO yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan kerja. Ada profesional dari multidisiplin dan organisasi profesi melakukan kesehatan kerja di lapangan tersebut, dan banyak pengandil yang lain. Kata kunci: Kesehatan kerja, ahli kesehatan kerja, lingkup kesehatan kerja AbstractOccupational health (OH) is everybody responsibility, because work is human being and decent work is human right, Many work related diseases were documented and stimulated people to do something to overcome it. The objective of this article is to explain the concept, practice and benefit of the occupational health for wokers and employers. The occupational health should not only focus on clinical diagnostic and therapy, but should do hazard recognizing, risk assessment and intervention to eliminate or minimize the risk (risk management method), and widen its scope to prevent diseases by (1) placing the worker in a task adapted to his health status and working capacity; (2) workers' health promotion program;(3) the improvement of the working environment; (4) the improvement of work; and (5) the development of work organization and working cultures; (6) workers health surveillance. Indonesia had ratified ILO conventions and recommendations related to OH. There are professionals from multidiscipline and organizations conduct OH in the field, and many other OH stakeholders.
AbstrakPerawat berisiko tinggi nyeri pinggang bawah. Tujuan penelitian ini menilai faktor risiko akivitas fisik dan sarana kerja yang dominan dapat menimbulkan low back pain (LBP) pada perawat di ruang Rawat Inap dan Unit Gawat Darurat Rumah Sakit di Jakarta serta memberikan rekomendasi pengendalian risiko LBP. Observasi dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas berisiko tinggi LBP, metode rapid entirebody assessment (REBA) menilai tingkat risiko ergonomi, kuesioner dan Nordic body map menilai faktor risiko lainnya serta keluhan LBP, desain potong lintang untuk analisis asosiasi, pengukuran dan analisis untuk menilai alat kerja. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan prevalensi LBP cukup tinggi pada perawat UGD di RSUD Tarakan tahun 2013 (61,1%) dan perawat rawat inap di RS Bhayangkara tahun 2012 (31,8%), namun rendah pada perawat UGD di RSS bila dibandingkan dengan hasil survei global (43,1-87%); aktivitas yang dominan menimbulkan LBP adalah membungkuk dan angkat angkut pasien. Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna postur membungkuk (p=0,031; OR=1,18-133,89), sudut lengkung punggung (p=0,024; OR=1, 31), dan transfer pasien (p=0,011; OR=5,22-176,83) dengan tingkat risiko LBP. Simpulan, aktivitas fisik perawat dan sarana kerjanya dapat menyebabkan LBP sehingga disarankan menyediakan sarana kerja yang adjustable serta 'meja' dinding di toilet untuk pengukuran urin, memenuhi rasio perawat-pasien minimal, SOP, mendidik perawat agar mampu melakukan pengendalian. [MKB. 2014;46(4):225-33] Kata kunci: Ergonomi, low back pain, perawat Ergonomic Risk Control on Low Back Pain among Hospitals' Nurses AbstractNurses are at high risk of low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to assess physical activities and working facilities as the risk factors that can lead to LBP in nurses in the wards and the emergency units of several hospitals in Jakarta to provide recommendations for controlling the risk of LBP. Observations were performed to identify high-risk activities and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) method was used to assess the ergonomic risk. Questionnaires and Nordic body map were also used to assess the other risk factors and LBP-related complaints. In addition, the cross-sectional design for association analysis, measurement and analysis to assess the working tools were also applied. The results showed that the prevalence of LBP among nurses was higher in the RSUD Tarakan emergency unit in 2013 (61.1%) and RS Bhayangkara wards in 2012 (31.8%). In the private hospital emergency unit, the LBP is lower compared to the results of a global survey (43.1-87%). The dominant causes of LBP were bending and patient-lifting. A significant association was evident between the risk level of LBP and bending posture (p=0.031, OR=1.18-133.89), curved spine angle (p=0.024, OR=1. 65-196.31), and patients transfer (p=0.011, OR=5.22-176.83). In conclusion, nurse physical activities and their work facilities can induce LBP. Therefore, it is suggested to provide adjustable facilities and wall-mounted tables in the toilets for urine measurements. Me...
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