The yield of agriculture crops tends to be decreasing in many parts of world including in Indonesian farmers’ land. One of the causes of the decreased yields is the reduction of organic matter in the soil. Peanut is one of the important crops in southeast Sulawesi and is usually intercropped with maize. However, the yield of peanut and maize crops were low as they were grown in marginal lands that have low nutrient contents, low CEC, high acidity, and low organic matter. The objectives of this paper were to summarize the results of our studies on the use of bio fertilizer bokashi plus fertilizer to improve peanut yields grown in marginal soil in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study also examined the agronomical performance of several local peanut varieties which had high adaptability to the local conditions and marginal lands. The results of this study demonstrated that application of mulch and bokashi increased maize and peanut production, seed dry weight and 100-seed weight. This practice has potentials to be applied in other agricultural lands of southeast Sulawesi region with similar soil and climatic condition to increase peanut yield, and promote the sustainable agriculture production of the region.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh factor iklim terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman, dan mempelajari fenologi masing-masing fase pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Pos Klimatologi Kendari BMKG Kecamatan Ranomeeto Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Lokasi penelitian berada pada pada posisi 040 03’ 20.6” LS dan 1220 26’ 56.8” BT pada ketinggian tempat 33 mdpl, berlangsung pada Bulan April sampai dengan Agustus 2015. Percobaan lapangan disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Faktor tunggal dengan perbedaan waktu tanam yang terdiri atas : J1=Waktu tanam pertama jagung; J2 = Waktu tanam kedua jagung yaitu 1 minggu setelah J1; J3 = Waktu tanam ketiga jagung yaitu 2 minggu setelah J1. Tiap perlakuan di ulang 4 kali (kelompok), sehingga didapatkan 12 unit percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis ragam, uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor iklim berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung. Kondisi iklim waktu tanam II merupakan yang terbaik bagi tanaman jagung. Fenologi tanaman jagung dan kedelai dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi satuan panas (heat unit), dengan fase pertumbuhan jagung dari tanam hingga panen membutuhkan besaran nilai akumulai satuan panas berkisar 1.195,9 sampai 1.290,9 oC d.Keywords: Iklim, satuan panas, waktu tanam
ABSTRAKSalah satu kendala dalam budi daya tanaman lada ialah penyakit busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Phytophthora capsici. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengamati peran cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA) terhadap insidensi penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada bibit tanaman lada. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kasa dan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan, yaitu (1) tanah terinfestasi P. capsici (TPC) sebagai kontrol negatif, (2) tanah steril (TS) sebagai kontrol positif, (3) TPC ditambah 5 g propagul CMA, (4) TPC ditambah 10 g CMA, (5) TPC ditambah 15 g CMA, dan (6) TPC ditambah 20 g CMA. Peubah yang diamati ialah tinggi tanaman, jumlah tunas, insidensi penyakit, persentase infeksi PM pada perakaran tanaman lada, serta kebergantungan tanaman lada terhadap CMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi 20 g CMA per 10 kg tanah efektif menekan insidensi penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman.Kata kunci: Phytophthora capsici, propagul mikoriza arbuskula, insidensi penyakit ABSTRACT Stem rot or foot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici is known as an important constraint on pepper cultivation. Research was conducted to determine the effect of arbuskula mycorhizal fungi (AMF) on incidence of foot rot disease of pepper seedlings. The experiment was done in the net house and arranged using completed randomized design with 6 treatments, i.e. (1) soil infested by P. capsici (TPC) as negative control treatment, (2) sterilized soil (TS) as positive control treatment, (3) TPC with 5 g of AMF, (4) TPC with 10 g AMF, (5) TPC with 15 g AMF, and (6) TPC with 20 g AMF. Observation involved plant height, number of shoots, disease incidence, the percentage of AMF infection on the roots of pepper plants, and pepper plants dependence on AMF. The results showed that the application of AMF at a dose of 20 g per 10 kg of soil effectively suppressed incidence of foot rot disease and improve plant growth.
This study aimed to determine the formalin content of shrimp paste traded in the City Central Market and Wua-Wua Central Market. The analytical method used was the Phenylhydrazine method and quantitative test (Titration Method). The qualitative test was done to determine the presence or absence of formalin in the shrimp paste, while the quantitative test was done to determine the amount of formalin contained in the shrimp paste traded in the City Central Market and the Wua-Wua Central Market. This was a descriptive qualitative-quantitative study. The results of this study show that from 6 samples taken at the City Central Market and the Wua-Wua Central Market, five samples were positive for formalin. The average amount of formalin contents at the City Central Market were 77 mg/kg (A2) and 54.6 mg/kg (A3). Meanwhile, the average amount of formalin contents at the Wua-Wua Central Market were 60 mg/kg (B1), 66.7 mg/kg (B2), and 107.2 mg/kg (B3).Keywords: Shrimp paste, Formalin, Traditional marketABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan formalin pada terasi yang diperdagangkan di Pasar Sentral Kota dan Pasar Sentral Wua-Wua. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode Fenilhidrazin dan uji kuantitatif (Metode Titrasi). Uji kualitatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya formalin pada terasi, sedangkan uji kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa kadar formalin yang terkandung pada terasi yang diperdagangkan di Pasar Sentral Kota dan Pasar Sentral Wua-Wua. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa sampel yang diambil dari 6 sampel Pasar Sentral Kota dan Pasar Sentral Wua-Wua 5 sampel positif mengandung formalin. Rata-rata persentase kadar formalin di lokasi Pasar Sentral Kota (A2) sebesar 77 mg/kg dan 54,6 mg/kg (A3). Pasar Sentral Wua-Wua (B1) 60 mg/kg, (B2) 66,7 mg/kg dan (B3) 107,2 mg/kg. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan simpulan terdeteksinya penggunaan formalin pada 5 sampel produk terasi yang beredar di lokasi Pasar Sentral Kota dan Pasar Sentral Wua-Wua kota Kendari.Kata kunci: Terasi, Formalin, Pasar tradisional.
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