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This study investigated the cytotoxicity of asiatic acid (AA) encapsulated in different protein-carbohydrate matrices in human colon adenocarcinoma SW620, human hepatoblastoma HepG2 and diploid monkey kidney cells (Vero). Mungbean protein concentrate (MPC) and mungbean protein hydrolysate (MPH) in lactose (L) or lactose-maltodextrin (LM) mixture, were used to fabricate matrices encapsulating AA during lyophilisation. The cytotoxicity of AA was in a dose-dependent manner for HepG2 and SW620 cells, but not for Vero cells. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of AA in HepG2 and SW620 were 120 and 130 lm respectively. The IC 50 of AA encapsulated in MPH-L matrix in HepG2 was reduced from that of AA alone to 80 lm (P < 0.05). Study of the anti-cancer activity of AA, in the absence and presence of food matrices, revealed that an MPH-L matrix led AA to cause more apoptosis deaths in HepG2 cells than either a MPC-L matrix or pure AA.Influences of food matrices on cytotoxicity of asiatic acid K. Jirasripongpun et al.Influences of food matrices on cytotoxicity of asiatic acid K. Jirasripongpun et al.

This study investigated the influence of surface-inactive carbohydrates on association characteristics of amphiphilic mung bean protein hydrolysate (MPH) and asiatic acid (AA) in aqueous suspension (11.72-11.94% total solids). The carbohydrates investigated were trehalose, maltodextrin, mixed trehalose-maltodextrin and mixed maltodextrin-starch. The presence of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates enhanced micellisation of AA to form micrometre-sized particles due to depletion flocculation. Nonetheless, the presence of starch retained the submicrometre size of AA. In contrast, the presence of starch enhanced self-association of MPH via segregative phase separation. However, the mixed suspensions containing MPH, AA and carbohydrate in a ratio of 1:0-0.072:2.34, respectively, retained particle sizes of around 300 nm regardless of the carbohydrate used. It was found that the MPH-AA co-aggregates were stable against the osmotic effect of carbohydrates. The results suggest that carbohydrates regulated the aggregate size and surface hydrophobic region of MPH and MPH-AA by controlling surface-induced aggregation.