Lingua franca is known as the language bridge between two different people who have different native languages. The theory stated that humans communicate by using vocal organs and the whole part of the body. This study was conducted to seek out whether non-verbal language could be considered lingua franca. This study used multimodal transcription analysis with Jefferson and Modada transcript notation and has decided on several data clips from YouTube. The study examines the gestures and other non-verbal languages to seek out whether multilingual interlocutors could receive the implied message delivered by body language. The results show that the hearer was trying to understand the speaker's gesture. The speaker does not speak English fluently, so he was struggling to find perfect diction. At the end of the clip, the speaker finally succeeds in portraying his thoughts through some gestures. In addition, the interlocutors were taking place in the action of delivering and receiving implied meaning through gestures and body language. Even though there was already a lingua franca (e.g., English), body language adds meaning through the message. Furthermore, this study was conducted in order to give a different insight into the term lingua franca.

Advertisements become engaging media to introduce and promote products. Men as masculine creation become one of interesting visual to represent the product and engage the target market. This study aims to discuss the visual and linguistic elements in the advertisements. In addition, this study reveals the interplay of those elements to make meaning and masculinity portrayal in the advertisements. The data are Nivea Crème, Pond’s face wash, Versace Eros perfume, and Skechers shoes. The theory used in this study is visual images by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006) and SF-MDA by Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), supported Generic Structured Potential by Cheong’s framework (2004). This research used the descriptive qualitative method. Therefore, it is in the form of words, sentences, and images. The result of this study indicates that the representation of masculinity is changing over time. Masculinity portrayal such as stylish, independence, actives in sport, and character such as adventurous, strong, calm, muscular body are found in the data. The producer uses process material with goal, attributive, circumstance to represent the product to the targeted market.

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With the onset of the digital era, the classroom's teaching and learning process has also shifted. The use of technology makes it easy for lecturers and students to access various information and references on the internet. However, not all of the information and concerns come from reliable and credible sources, so it is necessary to select and sort out the references used. This research's background determines students' ability to find and utilize and evaluate the credibility of information to be used in their writing. Although most students can use digital technology in their daily lives, they have difficulty determining whether the articles or texts from the internet come from credible sources or just subjective opinions that are not strong enough to be used as references in the 2018 class. Students' skills have an impact on the search for reference sources when they write scientific papers. The preliminary observations on students of 2018 and 2019 have shown that some students stated that they were very familiar with information technology and accessed the internet skillfully. Some had difficulty finding the required references. The output of this research is a guide for checking the credibility of references and articles published in journals so that the public can refine the findings of this study by providing contributive input. If the results are positive, it means that they can be applied to other courses in other classes as well.

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