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The present study showed that among the phytochemicals both the mangroves revealed presence of flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, alkaloids and saponins. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activity of leaves, stems, pods and fruits of ethanolic extract of Derris trifoliata and Sonneratia alba mangrove species were studied. Total flavonoid content (TFC) was found to be maximum in S.alba fruits of ethanolic extract (792.6 mg quercetin equivalent QE/g) as well as the total phenolic content (TPC) was found to be highest (630.39 mg gallic acid equivalent GAE/g). Ethanolic extract at a concentration range (20-100 μg/mL) showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assay where free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging potentials of S. alba fruits IC50 value (62.62 and 66.73 μg/mL) was greater as compared to other extracts respectively. The reducing power of all the extract of both the plant increased dose-dependently in which S.alba fruits showed maximum reducing power. Anti-inflammatory activity protects membrane stabilization, protein denaturation and also protease inhibition. In membrane stabilization, S.alba fruits revealed higher activity which represented 64.67 ± 0.05% protection and lower in D.trifoliata pods 46.97 ± 0.06% protection. All the ethanolic extracts displayed inhibition where S.alba fruits exhibited 80.07 ± 0.02% inhibition of proteinase activity. A concentration dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation where maximum amount of inhibition was found in S.alba fruits (84.67±0.04% inhibition). Present results confirmed that among the selected parts of mangroves ethanolic fruits extracts of S.alba showed more potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Biosynthesis of reliable and eco-friendly nanoparticles is an important branch of green nanotechnology. Ceriops tagal, a mangrove plant has various medicinal properties. Synthesis of C.tagal mediated nanoparticles may further enhance its medicinal potency. The aqueous stem extract of C.tagal was used as a bio-reducing agent for synthesis of silver nanoparticles Reduction of metal ions was confirmed by Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Before and after bio-reduction changes in functional groups of plant extract was recorded by FTIR spectra. The kinetics of particle formation was dependent on time, temperature and metal salt concentration. UV-Visible spectroscopy demonstrated peak at 455 nm. TEM and XRD results revealed shapes, size and structure of synthesized nanoparticles. These results have indicated the formation of silver nanoparticles.

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