Purpose of the study: This paper reviews recent literature on issues and challenges of the future newspaper. It traces issues and challenges that generally impacting the journalism industry worldwide and may be applied for future studies that shall further examine this matter empirically. Methodology: This is a discussion paper that does not apply any research method. The discussion is done based on recent reviews related to the issue of the future of the newspaper and its trend. Main Findings: Based on the review, there are five major issues and challenges identified which are the decline in newspaper circulations around the world, and the shrinking size of the industry. Following Wahl-Jorgensen et al. (2016), risks and threats, opportunities and digital journalism are fundamental questions that constitute a discussion of the future of the newspaper. Among the clear risks and threats is the issue of circulation, the emergence of the digital industry and its business model, social media and smartphones and several other issues such as identifying the direction of the newspaper's future discussions covering false news, speed of information (risks and threats), digital business model and the role of major industry players in digital world such as Google (opportunities) besides data and computer journalism (digital journalism). This discussion concludes that the future of the newspaper is seen to be very influenced by the emergence of digital journalism while the print version will continue to be vulnerable. The main issue which is seen as a threat is false news and information verification methods. Applications of this study: The above main findings may be used for further empirical investigation on the future of the newspaper in various countries in the world. The findings may also inform media practitioners on the current issues and challenges the industry is facing in general, and on what is being researched and discussed by academia on this topic. Novelty/Originality of this study: This discussion provides a summary of issues and challenges of the future of newspaper and this will enable readers to identify the main issues surrounding this topic. So far, there have been studies and discussions, but this paper presents the main issues and challenges on this topic in a systematic way based on recent previous studies and media reports.

Masa hadapan akhbar masih lagi kabur, termasuk di Malaysia. Apa yang jelas, masa hadapannya nampak menjurus kepada bentuk digital, berita dibaca melalui telefon pintar, tab atau bentukbentuk gajet yang lain. Sirkulasi akhbar bercetak pula dijangka terus menjunam. Kajian ini meneliti dua persoalan utama iaitu langkah-langkah yang dilaksanakan akhbar Malaysia untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi akhbar dan bagaimana meningkatkan populariti akhbar online. Selain itu, gajet juga dikaji sama ada menjadi alat yang memberi risiko atau peluang terhadap masa hadapan akhbar. Empat akhbar dikaji ialah Sinar Harian, Berita Harian, Harian Metro dan Sin Chew Daily dengan 11 orang editor berita dan editor dalam talian ditemubual. Kategori yang dicadangkan Wahl Jorgensen et al. (2016) digunakan sebagai asas perbincangan iaitu Risiko dan Ancaman, Peluang dan Kewartawanan Digital. Dapatan kajian mendapati langkah utama untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi akhbar termasuklah meningkatkan kualiti kandungan dan reka letak akhbar, di samping meningkatkan promosi akhbar. Akhbar dalam talian pula dilihat sebagai alat survival kewartawanan, kerana membolehkan kewartawanan berfungsi kepada khalayaknya. Dari segi peluang yang disediakan oleh gajet kepada masa hadapan akhbar Malaysia, ia dilihat dalam beberapa bentuk seperti Peluang yang Diancam dan Peluang dan Risiko. Kewartawanan digital khususnya kewartawanan data pula nampaknya belum dilihat sebagai masa hadapan kewartawanan dalam konteks editor di Malaysia.

This study focused on the role of information exposure, information consumption and individual lifestyle on the inclination towards behaviour change during the Covid-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the number of individuals who breached the pre-determined SOP meant to curb the virus transmission kept on increasing even though the government had repeatedly reminded the citizen through various means of communication. This study aimed to answer, (i) what are the types of information exposure that would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change; (ii) what levels of information consumption would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change; and (iii) what types of lifestyles which would affect individual inclination towards behaviour change. An online survey through Google form was administered for a period of 30 days and the survey received 419 responses. Descriptive and correlation analysis were conducted. The findings showed that individuals who practised selective information exposure had significant relationship with behaviour change compared to individuals who practised news avoidance as well as individuals who actively sought information. In terms of consumption, individuals with moderate information consumption had significant and moderate relationship with inclination towards behaviour change as compared to individuals with basic and advanced information consumption. Individuals with the striver, experiencer and survivor types of lifestyles showed significant relationships with behaviour change during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study showed that there were other variables that could contribute to the behaviour change particularly in the context of health-related issues.

Media memainkan peranan penting membentuk pemikiran pengundi. Media baharu sekali lagi dilihat memainkan peranan penting dalam menetapkan dan membentuk wacana publik pada PRU-14 di Malaysia. Media merupakan sumber maklumat politik yang utama kepada rakyat dalam masyarakat demokratik meskipun berita bukanlah kebenaran mutlak, apatah lagi fakta dan fiksyen sering kali dicampur aduk bagi maksud mencapai agenda tersembunyi. Pada dasarnya, bukan semua orang mempunyai pengalaman sebenar atau langsung dengan kebanyakan isu atau peristiwa yang hangat diperdebatkan sebagai topik yang mempunyai kepentingan publik. Sarjana kewartawanan seperti Tuchman (1978) sering menekankan bagaimana penerbit berita secara sistematik mengkonstruk suatu bentuk realiti yang spesifik dalam proses pemberitaan. Apa yang cuba dimaksudkan oleh beliau „berita merupakan jendela dunia‟ ialah pengetahuan dan kefahaman seseorang lazimnya bergantung kepada laporan media meskipun berita bukan cerminan kepada realiti dunia sebenar. Hal yang sama juga mendorong saintis-saintis politik tampil dengan hujah sesiapa yang mengusai media akan memenangi pilihan raya. Perubahan mediaskap di Malaysia telah menyaksikan publik tidak lagi dikawal oleh media arus perdana, sebaliknya media sosial yang mulai diperkenalkan mulai lewat 1990-an sebagai suara alternatif kepada rakyat. Perubahan drastik mulai berlaku dengan pengenalan telefon pintar dan media sosial. Isu-isu yang terdahulunya tidak diketahui kini boleh jadi viral dalam sekelip mata. Malangnya, terdapat juga banyak berita palsu yang direka khusus untuk tujuan kempen pilihan raya disebarkan secara berleluasa. Apa yang boleh dilihat pada PRU-14 adalah pelbagai partisan, propaganda, disinformasi dan pragmatisme yang membentuk politik persepsi dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia. AbstractMedia plays an important role in shaping the thinking of voters. The new media has once again shown its key role in setting and shaping the public discourse for Malaysian's GE14. The media has always been the predominant source of political information for the citizens in a democratic society, although the news is not the total truth, always a blend between fact and fiction with somehow hidden agendas. Basically, most of the public does not have the real life or first-hand experience with the issues or events that have been hotly debated as public interest topics. Journalism scholars like Tuchman (1978) has continuously emphasized how newsmakers systematically construct or manufacture a specific form of social reality in the process of making the news. What he means by the news is the window of the world is most people's knowledge and understanding will be based on media reports even though the news is not a mirror of reality. The reality brought to us by the news does not necessarily reflect the reality of the real world, and yet most layman will perceive what they saw or read from the media as the whole truth and nothing but the truth. This has also prompted political scientists to suggest that whoever controls the media will win the election. The change of the Malaysian mediascape saw the public is no longer controlled by the mainstream media but instead by social media. Issues that were previously unlikely to be known now can be virally in a blink of an eye. Unfortunately, though, there is also fake news designed specifically for the election campaign. What can be seen in the GE14 is all sorts of partisanship, propaganda, disinformation and pragmatism that contributed to the politics of perception among Malaysians.