As buildings become taller and more complex, establishing clear evacuation routes becomes very important in the event of a fire or other emergency. In this paper, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and real time escape route guidance are integrated to accomplish a real-time fire evacuation system to guide along an evacuation route. When the emergency event occurs, the system provides evacuation route guidance to people for them to be able to avoid danger. Moreover, in the proposed system, an intelligent evacuation route is provided by indicating in digital signage the best evacuation route as well as pertinent information to improve the chances of survival for users. The proposed system also supplies real time environmental information to fire fighters assuring better efficiency in their rescue operations.

A bounce universe model, known as the coupled-scalar-tachyon bounce (CSTB) universe, has been shown to solve the Horizon, Flatness and Homogeneity problems as well as the Big Bang Singularity problem. Furthermore a scale invariant spectrum of primordial density perturbations generated from the phase of pre-bounce contraction is shown to be stable against time evolution. In this work we study the detailed dynamics of the bounce and its imprints on the scale invariance of the spectrum. The dynamics of the gravitational interactions near the bounce point may be strongly coupled as the spatial curvature becomes big. There is no a prior reason to expect the spectral index of the primordial perturbations of matter density can be preserved. By encoding the bounce dynamics holographically onto the dynamics of dual Yang-Mills system while the latter is weakly coupled, via the AdS/CFT correspondence, we can safely evolve the spectrum of the cosmic perturbations with full control. In this way we can compare the post-bounce spectrum with the pre-bounce one: in the CSTB model we explicitly show that the spectrum of primordial density perturbations generated in the contraction phase preserves its stability as well as scale invariance throughout the bounce process.Keywords AdS/CFT, primordial spectrum of density perturbations, bounce universe, early universe physics.

The time dependence of the temperature during the reheating process is studied. We consider the thermal feedback effects of the produced particles on the effective dissipation rate of the inflaton field, which can lead to enhanced production of particles. We parameterize the temperature dependence of the dissipation rate in terms of a Taylor expansion containing the vacuum decay rate and the thermal terms. By solving the Boltzmann equations for the energy densities of the inflaton and radiation, we provide analytic estimates for a general power-law dependence on the temperature. In this way, we describe the entire reheating process. The maximum temperature of the reheating process and its dependence on model parameters are studied in different cases. The impact of the thermal feedback effects on the expansion history of the universe and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is discussed. We also discuss the range of validity of our approach.

This paper extends the study of the quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field by taking into account the cosmic expansion and contraction. Cheung, Drewes, Kang and Kim [1] calculated the effective action and quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field. The analytic expressions for the effective potential and damping coefficient were presented using a simple scalar model with quartic interaction. Their work was done using Minkowski-space propagators in loop diagrams. In this work we incorporate the Hubble expansion and contraction of the comic background, and focus on the thermal dynamics of a scalar field in a regime where the effective potential changes slowly. We let the Hubble parameter, H, attain a small but non-zero value and carry out calculations to first order in H. If we set H = 0 all results match those [1] in flat spacetime. Interestingly we have to integrate over the resonances, which in turn leads to an amplification of the effects of a non-zero H. This is an intriguing phenomenon which cannot be uncovered in flat spacetime. The implications on particle creations in the early universe will be studied in a forthcoming work.

Integrated construction technology is in developing quickly in Chinas civil engineering community. With its space saving and heat insulation properties, people both in cold and hot region both need the thin wall settled structure to avoid burning hot or extremely cold. This article proposed an innovative integrating construction technology that has gained more and more popularity in construction project by adoption of thin wall thermal insulation board. The detail of the anchorage of the structure surface and the board, bond together with a special nail, and the whole system was controlled by the fastening system. It is one type vertical integration strategy and will gain more competition advantages for the construction enterprises.