The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microorganisms found on used toothbrushes. In this study 25 toothbrushes were investigated, 10 toothbrushes were used less than 3 months, 10 toothbrushes have been used for 3-6 months, and 5 toothbrushes have been used for more than 6 months. Some gram-positive coccus, such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Diplococcus. The results showed there were microbial harbored of used toothbrushes. Toothbrushes that have been used for 6 months were harbored more microorganisms than the toothbrushes that have been used less than 3 months and 3-6 months. It can be concluded that the longer using time of toothbrush the more increase of microorganism amount found on toothbrush. Key words: toothbrush, microorganism contaminationCorrespondence: Asmawati, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar, Indonesia. E-mail: asmaamin68@yahoo.com INTRODUCTIONOral health of Indonesian people is still a major concern. The objective of oral health is to gain a healthy mouth and good dentition, and also a good function of speech and mastication.1 Oral health status is influenced by four important factors; namely heredity, environment (physical and social culture), behavior, and health service. Of those four factors, behavior plays an important role in oral health status and could influence environment and health service factors.

Colorectal cancer is a malignancy of epithelial cells of the colon or rectum. Factors associated with an increased risk of this type of cancer include eating habits. The purpose of this study was to determine distribution the dietary patterns in colorectal cancer patients at hospitals Ulin Banjarmasin period from August to October 2015 by a review of fat dietary, protein dietary, fiber dietary  by age and gender. This research is a descriptive observasional with  cross sectional approach. Data was collected using a food frequency questionnaire and interviews. Sampling was conducted with consecutive sampling technique to obtain the sample amounted to 30 patients in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Obtained the age group of patients when first diagnosed with colorectal cancer is highest in the age group 41-60 years (50%) as many as 15 people. Sex ratio of colorectal cancer patients in hospitals Ulin Banjarmasin the period August-October 2015 that men of 15 people (50%) and women of 15 people (50%). Of the 30 respondents, there are 28 (93.4%) patients with colorectal cancer who rarely consume fat, there are 25 (83.4%) patients with colorectal cancer who rarely consume protein, and there were 25 (88.7%) patients with colorectal cancer are rare consuming fiber. Distribution of pattern dietary (fat, protein, fiber)by age and sex obtained the same result that most are in the rare category. Keywords: colorectal cancer, fat, protein, fiber. Abstrak: Kanker kolorektal adalah suatu keganasan dari sel epitel kolon atau rektum. Faktor yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan risiko kanker jenis ini antara lain kebiasaan makan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi pola diet pasien kanker kolorektal  di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Agustus-Oktober  2015 dengan tinjauan terhadap diet lemak, diet protein, diet serat berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif observasioal dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner food frequency dan wawancara. Pengambilan sampel  dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling sehingga didapatkan sampel berjumlah 30 pasien yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Didapatkan kelompok usia pasien saat pertama kali terdiagnosis kanker kolorektal terbanyak adalah pada kelompok usia 41-60 tahun (50%) yaitu sebanyak 15 orang. Rasio perbandingan jenis kelamin pasien kanker kolorektal di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Agustus-Oktober 2015 yaitu laki-laki sebanyak  15 orang (50%)  dan perempuan sebanyak 15 orang (50%). Dari 30 responden, terdapat 28 (93,4%) pasien kanker kolorektal yang jarang mengkonsumsi lemak, terdapat 25 (83,4%) pasien kanker kolorektal yang jarang mengkonsumsi protein, dan terdapat 25 (88,7%) pasien kanker kolorektal yang jarang mengkonsumsi serat. Distribusi pola diet (lemak, protein, serat) berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin didapatkan hasil yang sama yaitu paling banyak berada pada kategori jarang. Kata-kata kunci: kanker kolorektal, lemak, protein, serat

Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms of bacteremia and systemic signs and positive blood cultures showed that during the first month of life. Prematurity and postmaturity risk of morbidity and mortality are high on the gestation age for the occurrence of neonatal sepsis. This study aims to determine the relationship between gestational age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin. The design of this study using cross sectional study with retrospective approach. The way the sampling is the purposive sampling were obtained from medical records of patients, then performed statistical analysis using chi-square test with 95%. The number of samples that fulfilled the criteria inclusion in this study as many as 246 cases. The incidence of neonatal sepsis is more common in infants born at 37-42 weeks gestation as many as 25 cases (59.52%). The data not neonatal sepsis who were born with a gestational age <37 weeks or> 42 weeks gained as many as 20 cases (9.80%) and 37-42 weeks gestation obtained as many as 184 cases (90.20%). Chi-square test showed that there is a relationship between gestational age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin (p = 0.000) with an odds ratio (OR) 6.256. It is concluded that there is a relationship of gestation age and the incidence of neonatal sepsis (p <0.05) in hospitals Ulin Banjarmasin period June 2014-June 2015 with OR 6.256. Keywords: gestational age, sepsis, neonatal Abstrak: Sepsis neonatorum merupakan suatu sindrom klinis bakteremia yang ditandai dengan gejala dan tanda sistemik serta menunjukkan kultur darah positif yang terjadi pada bulan pertama kehidupan. Prematuritas dan posmaturitas memiliki risiko kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi pada masa gestasi untuk terjadinya sepsis neonatorum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional study dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Cara pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan purposive sampling yang diperoleh dari data rekam medis pasien, kemudian dilakukan analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square dengan kepercayaan 95%. Jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 246 kasus. Kejadian sepsis neonatorum lebih banyak dijumpai pada bayi yang lahir dengan masa gestasi 37-42 minggu yaitu sebanyak 25 kasus (59,52%). Data neonatus tidak sepsis yang lahir dengan masa gestasi <37 minggu atau >42 minggu didapatkan sebanyak 20 kasus (9,80%) dan masa gestasi 37-42 minggu didapatkan sebanyak 184 kasus (90,20%). Uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin (p=0,000) dengan odds ratio (OR) 6,256. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan masa gestasi dan kejadian sepsis neonatorum (p<0,05) di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Juni 2014-Juni 2015 dengan OR 6,256. Kata-kata kunci: masa gestasi, sepsis, neonatus

Abstract:Neonatal asphyxia is a condition where the baby can not breathe spontaneously and regularly soon after birth or shortly after birth. Birth weight is a part of the factors that can cause neonatal asphyxia. Research conducted retrospective observational analytic approach to determine the relationship between birth weight and neonatal asphyxia which uses secondary data from medical records of patients. The study was conducted in August-October 2015 in the NICU and medical record room of RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained a sample of 334 cases. The statistical test used is chi-square test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that of 334 cases of birth weight data showed 17.4% risk birth weight and no-risk birth weight by 82,6%. Neonatal asphyxia 26.3% and 73.7% of no-neonatal asphyxia. Based on the statistical test showed p = 0.674 so that it can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between birth weight and neonatal asphyxia in RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin period June 2014-June 2015.Keywords: neonatal asphyxia, birth weight, risk factor Abstrak: Asfiksia neonatorum adalah suatu keadaan dimana bayi tidak dapat bernapas secara spontan dan teratur segera setelah lahir atau beberapa saat setelah lahir. Berat badan lahir merupakan bagian dari faktor neonatus yang dapat menyebabkan asfiksia neonatorum. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasional analitik dengan pendekatan retrospektif untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat badan lahir dan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum yang menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2015  di ruang NICU dan ruang rekam medis RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 334 kasus. Uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu  uji chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 334 kasus diperoleh data berat badan lahir berisiko sebesar 17,4% dan berat badan lahir tidak berisiko sebesar 82,6%. Kejadian asfiksia neonatorum sebesar 26,3% dan tidak asfiksia neonatorum sebesar 73,7%.  Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik didapatkan hasil p = 0,674 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara berat badan lahir dan kejadian asfiksia neonatorum di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Juni 2014-Juni 2015. Kata-kata kunci: asfiksia neonatorum, berat badan lahir, faktor risiko

COVID-19 cases in Indonesia are increasing as of April 10, reaching 3512 people who have been declared infected with COVID-19, with a death toll of 306 people (8.71%). One of the prevention efforts is to use mask and hand sanitizer and increase immunity status through consumption of nutritious food and drinks. Prevention efforts will work well if we invite the public to participate actively, one of which is the Khosya Berbagi community in Banjarbaru.This activity aims to distribute masks, hand sanitizers and nutritious drinks to the people of Banjarbaru and Martapura, especially those who are vulnerable and have a high risk of being infected with COVID-19. The methods used include identifying people who are prone to infection and have a high risk of infection, making mask, COVID-19 prevention stickers, packaging mask and nutritious drinks, namely honey and milk, followed by distributing gifts to the community. This activity has succeeded in distributing 500 packages consisting of cloth mask, nutritious drinks and hand sanitizer to small traders, pedicab drivers, motorcycle taxi drivers, and road cleaners in Banjarbaru and Martapura. This parcel is also equipped with stickers on efforts to prevent COVID-19. It is hoped that this activity can help people protect themselves from COVID-19.