No abstract

Peperomia pellucida was used traditionally in Indonesia for health treatment: wounds, boils, pimples, abscesses, abdominal pain, colic, gout, kidney, rheumatic pain, fatigue headache, furuncles, conjunctivitis and anti dermatogenic and also for dengue treatment. The isolation compounds from hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Peperomia pellucida L. are conducted by maceration of the dry herbs sample with methanol and partition with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. The hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were fractionated by gravitation column chromatography and eluted successively with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol by the gradient. The structure was elucidated base on spectroscopy data of NMR proton and carbon for one and two dimension, LC-MS and FT-IR. The isolation founded three compounds are stigmasterol, analogue of pheophytin and β-sitosterol-D-glucopyranoside.

Ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini (jamblang) leaves reveal its significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which perform the potential activity of this plant extract as antidiabetic agent. However, other bioactivities of this plant extract have been reported. The aim of current study was to evaluate the comparison of in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of S. cumini fractions. The S. cumini leaves ethanol extract was fractionated by using column chromatography with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol as eluents. Seven fractions were obtained from column chromatography (F1-7). The results showed that the best antidiabetic activity was found in F5 (93% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity), the best antioxidant activity was found in F4 (83% inhibition of DPPH free radical) and the best cytotoxic activity was found in F2 (69% growth inhibition of T47D breast cancer cell line). Therefore besides in vitro antidiabetic activity, fractions of S. cumini leaves ethanol extract also showed antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Since the results showed that the most active fractions for antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxicity were differed, it could be possible to isolate the different potential active compounds for each activity.Keywords : Syzygium cumini, α-glucosidase inhibitor, DPPH, cytotoxicity

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is major public health problem in tropical and subtropical areas of the world with lack of approved vaccines and effective antiviral therapies. With no current treatment for illness attributed to dengue virus (DENV) infection other than supportive care, therapeutic strategies that use natural extract was developed.Indonesia have many plants that potential for antiviral drµgs such as Pterocarpus indicus Willd (P. indicus). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of P. indicus to inhibit DENV replication. We used a welldifferentiated hepatocytes-derived cellular carcinoma cell line (Huh-7 it-1 cells) to determine and select antiviral activity. The toxicity effects were determined by MTT assay. Then, the suppression of DENV replication was determined by Focus assay. Dengue infected cells with DMSO were used as control. We found that crude extract (Pi), hexane (Pi.1) and ethyl acetate (Pi.2) extract showed strong inhibition with high selectivity index (SI) of 1,392; 285.36 and 168.56 respectively. Sub fraction of Pi.1 and Pi.2 still showed strong inhibition with high SI. Further sub-sub fraction of Pi.2 such as Pi.2.12 and Pi.2.12.1 still showed inhibition of DENV replication but there was reduction of SI value. The mechanism experiment of Pi.2.12, we found that Pi 2.12 more profound to inhibit in the post infection stage that entry or pre-infection. We conclude that the sub-fraction of Pi.2.12 has potential antiviral activity against DV infection in vitro. Further studies are still needed to investigate the pure compound of Pi.2.12 that inhibit and have advantages in the future as alternative for treatment of DENV infection.

Cancer is considered a leading cause of death worldwide due to its high morbidity and mortality rate. Conventional treatments for cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have been hampered by their side effects. Natural product-derived plants have been used for decades to treat diseases. Compared to conventional therapy, natural product has the potential to be effective against cancer with fewer side effects. This current review discussed the potential of scopoletin, a coumarin present in many edible plants, which elicits anticancer properties through multiple mechanisms, including modulating cell cycle arrest, inducing apoptosis, and regulating multiple signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms highlights the potential of scopoletin as a candidate for chemoprevention and chemotherapy.