In line with the increase in population, the production of waste will also grow every year. Unfortunately, the land used for final waste disposal (landfill) is extremely limited, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to predict landfill capacity in accommodating waste from the community based on daily waste input using a dynamic system and to provide alternative policies on landfill waste management. The analyzed data consisted of primary and secondary data, whereas the simulations applied system dynamic approach using Vensim software. The simulation results indicate that the waste production will reach 36,861,653 tons in 2030 if nothing is done. Assuming that all waste from the surrounding communities is accumulated in one landfill, Bantargebang landfill can only accommodate until 2022. To be able to use Bantargebang landfill up to 2030, the waste production must be reduced by 50% for organic waste and 50% for inorganic waste. From the analysis, it is proven that composting reduces a greater amount of waste than other waste reduction methods, namely recycling or reusing, by the same percentage. Waste sorting is therefore highly recommended to be done by the community in every household as a basis to facilitate further handling. The community can play an active role in reducing waste, e.g., by composting organic waste and recycling or reusing inorganic waste. Furthermore, regulations should be made that can give punishment to households that do not carry out segregation. Reliable infrastructure for waste management needs to be facilitated, and counseling/training/outreach on waste sorting to the community must also be provided at the district level.

Gebang Fish Landing Base (GebangPPI) was built as a means for fishermen and fisheries businessin Gebang District, Cirebon Regency, in carrying out fisheries economic activities in an effort to improve welfare. This study aims to analyze the condition of the Gebang PPI facilities and the level of utilization by the community, as well as the potential of fisheries capture in Gebang. The next aim is to determine the strategy for managing the Gebang PPI in an effort to improve the fishermen welfare. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. Primary data are obtained through observation, interviews, questionnaires and surveys, while secondary data are obtained from relevant government agencies to analyze the level of the Gebang PPI utilization. Variables are measured using a Likert scale, while SWOT analysis is used to determine the management strategy. The results of the analysis show that the conditions of the Gebang PPI facilities and infrastructures are inadequate for the continuity of fisheries activities, as well as the level of utilization because fishermen prefer to transact outside the PPI. This condition is caused by capital ties between fishermen and intermediary/middlemen. The large potential of fisheries in the Gebang PPI does not guarantee the level of fishermen welfare, because fisheries economic transactions are still determined by intermediary/ middlemen as capital owners. The results of the SWOT analysis show the position in Quadrant I, a very favorable situation. That is, Gebang PPI has the opportunity and strength so that it can take advantage of the opportunities that exist. The strategy that must be implemented is to support aggressive growth policies (growth oriented strategy). The strategy that can be implemented is to optimally utilize the existing potential to facilitate fisheries activities in Gebang, so as to provide benefits for increasing the income of Gebang fishermen.   Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Gebang dibangun sebagai sarana bagi nelayan dan pelaku perikanan di Kecamatan Gebang, Kabupaten Cirebon, dalam menjalankan aktivitas ekonomi perikanan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi fasilitas PPI Gebang dan tingkat pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat, serta potensi perikanan tangkap di Gebang. Selanjutnya menentukan strategi pengelolaan PPI Gebang dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesionerdan survei, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi pemerintah yang terkait untuk menganalisis tingkat pemanfaatan PPI. Pengukuran variabel menggunakan skala Likert, sedangkan untuk menentukan strategi pengelolaannya menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sarana dan prasarana PPI Gebang kurang memadai bagi kelangsungan aktivitas perikanan, begitu juga dengan tingkat pemanfaatannya karena nelayan lebih memilih bertransaksi di luar PPI. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh ikatan permodalan antara nelayan dengan bakul/tengkulak. Besarnya potensi perikanan di PPI Gebang tidak menjamin tingkat kesejahteraan bagi nelayan, karena transaksi ekonomi perikanan masih ditentukan oleh bakul/tengkulak sebagai pemilik modal. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan posisi pada Kuadran I, merupakan situasi yang sangat menguntungkan. Artinya, PPI Gebang mempunyai peluang dan kekuatan sehingga dapat memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Strategi yang harus diterapkan adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif (growth oriented strategy). Strategi yang dapat diterapkan adalah memanfaatkan secara optimal potensi yang ada untuk memfasilitasi kegiatan perikanan di Gebang, sehingga memberikan manfaat bagi peningkatan pendapatan nelayan Gebang.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic chemicals that adversely affect human health and the environment around the world. Because they can be transported by wind and water, most POPs generated in one country can affect people and wildlife far from where they are used and released. They persist for long periods of time in the environment and can accumulate and pass from one species to the next through the food chain. To address this global concern, many countries in the world joined forces with 90 other countries and the European Community to sign a groundbreaking United Nations treaty in Stockholm, Sweden, in May 2001, known as the Stockholm Convention. One of important agreement is all countries agreed to reduce or eliminate the production, use, and/or release of 12 key POPs. The Convention specifies a scientific review process that could lead to the addition of other POPs chemicals of global concern. POPs include a range of substances that include intentionally produced chemicals currently or once used in agriculture, disease control, manufacturing, or industrial processes. Also it can be produced by unintentionally produced chemicals, such as dioxins, that result from some industrial processes and from combustion (for example, municipal and medical waste incineration and backyard burning of trash).

Some studies about climate change in Jakarta have revealed that air pollution and water supply has reached a critical level, and one of the efforts to reduce that climate change impact is to increase green areas. Under Indonesian Law No. 26/2007 the proportion of ideal green area in big cities like Jakarta is 30% of the total city areas; unfortunately at this time the green area in Jakarta is only 9.84%. The effort to increase green areas in Jakarta requires huge funds, since the price of land in Jakarta is very expensive. On the other hand, green space is a critical requirement to provide clean air and water supply. This study aims to find an optimum number of green areas in Jakarta. Optimization of green areas will be done using the goal programming method. The results of this study revealed that the optimum amount of green area in Jakarta is 19.62% or 129,800,045 m 2 . With the land costs assumptions at 2 million rupiahs per m 2 , the fund should be prepared to increase the green space from 9.84% to 19.62% at 129.413 trillion rupiahs. It is hoped that the findings of the research can be used as the basis for communities and policy makers to increase green space in Jakarta.

Dioxin and furan have both long and short-term adverse effects on living organisms. This research aims at developing a computational model to determine the impact of dioxin/furan pollution on the environment, the society and the economy in order to provide a rational basis for policy development. The approach was to develop and validate a dynamic model of dioxin/furan emissions in Cilegon, West Java, Indonesia. Key components of the model include: (a) estimation of the emission of dioxin/furan discharged from the metal industry; (b) estimation of the concentration of dioxin/furan in the air; and (c) using the estimations from (a) and (b), a dynamic sub-model, to estimate the impact of dioxin/furan on social, economic and environmental factors when alternative controls are implemented. Model results demonstrate that dioxin/furan emissions in the assessed area are elevated beyond the limit that can cause environmental degradation. If things remain status quo (i.e. no new emission reduction policy), the predicted model outcomes from 1995 to 2025, indicates there would be an emission increase of 278%, a decrease in the air quality by 45.16%, 1,092 potential cancer cases, and the social costs of IDR (Indonesian Rupiah) 5,863-358,162 billion. However, if there was an emission control policy that helped to reduce emissions by 46.1%, then there would be significant improvements, such as a decrease in air quality of only 0.63-3.75% and 69% reduction in cancer cases. The conclusion, is that there should be a policy to control dioxin/furan emissions and, further, that significant reductions will result in significant social benefits.