Background: Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation causes skin damage. Recently, natural compounds have become an interest to protect skin from UV-induced photodamages. Methods:In this study, we investigated the protective effects of hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, on UVA-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and photoaging. Results:Our results showed that hesperetin increased the cell viability, suppressed the intracellular ROS levels, and decreased the expression of MMPs including MMP-1 and MMP-3, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and COX-2 in UVA-irradiated HDFs. Besides, hesperetin exerted an anti-apoptotic effect by increasing expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreasing expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Moreover, these anti-photodamage effects were mediated by inhibition of ERK, p38/AP-1, and NFκb/p65 phosphorylation. Conclusion:Therefore, hesperetin may be useful in the prevention of UVA-induced skin damage.

Background Oxidative damage is one of the major mechanisms of ultraviolet B (UVB)‐induced damage to the skin. Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound of pentacyclic triterpene acids. It has been proved to have anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Objective This study aimed to explore the effects of MA on oxidative damage in human foreskin fibroblast cells (HFF‐1) and the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods A specific dose of UVB radiation was used to induce oxidative damage in HFF‐1. Based on this, we performed measurements of cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, inflammation‐related mediators, and NF‐κB nuclear localization with or without the addition of MA. Results MA significantly promoted cell proliferation viability at 10 and 20 μM. The addition of MA 24 h before UVB irradiation was more effective at enhancing cell proliferation and also produced lower ROS levels compared to co‐cultured fibroblasts and MA for 24 h after irradiation. However, there was no statistically significant difference between groups at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM. The pretreatment group with MA had elevated superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, decreased IL‐6 generation, and lowered mRNA levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α and MMP3 in comparison with the UVB‐irradiated group without additional MA. Meanwhile, the nuclear translocation of NF‐κB and the degradation of IκB were inhibited by MA pretreatment. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that MA may alleviate UVB‐induced oxidative damage in HFF‐1 by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF‐κB.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination is now an essential strategy for controlling the COVID-19 epidemic. This study included 132 cases of adverse skin reactions after the injection of COVID-19 vaccination from January 2021 to January 2022. The rate of adverse skin reactions after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd doses of the COVID-19 vaccine were 52%, 40%, and 8% of total adverse skin reactions, respectively. The Urticaria-like rash was the most common manifestation of all adverse skin reactions, accounting for 40.15% of all adverse reactions. The Eczemalike rash was 27.27%. The rates of adverse skin reactions after vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with a previous skin disease was 12.12%. Other rare skin adverse reactions after COVID-19 vaccination included herpes zoster, pityriasis rosea, erythema multiforme, chickenpox, herpes simplex, psoriasis, erythrodermatitis, arthus reaction, lichen planus recurrence, measles-like rash, frostbite rash, seborrhea,

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