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so as to receive the state reimbursement.) But the interpretation and effectiveness of the superintendent's communication with the psychologist will also reflect needs of the psychologist, and because in larger organizations a director of special education or some such titled person will be between the originator of the communication and the receiver, his needs, too, will be relevant in determining the effectiveness of communication. Unfortunately, little has been done in communication research in a setting involving pupil personnel services.In summary, we have briefly touched upon three topics within the realm of the social and behavioral sciences which have relevance to the school administrator and the provision of pupil personnel services : role perception, organizational power structure and role expectation, and communications theory. These are not topics ordinarily considered in the traditional preparation programs of school administrators. But they should be. REFERENCEBARNARD, C. I. The functions of the ezecutive.

Data from an earlier study of a cognitively-based English-language training program for 67 Mexican-American Head Start children were re-analyzed using meta-analysis. A comparison of posttest and follow-up test results on various instruments showed that the use of Spanish as the language of instruction resulted in larger effect sizes than did the use of English, both languages, or a control treatment using arts, crafts, and music activities. Recently expressed doubts about the efficacy of beginning instruction in non-English speakers' native languages are questioned.

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