OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças freqüentadoras de uma creche. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de 113 crianças com seis a 70 meses de idade, que freqüentavam a creche Irmã Sheila em Catanduva, São Paulo. A avaliação nutricional foi feita por antropometria e analisada pela classificação de Waterlow e a avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor pelo Teste de Denver II, em todas as crianças incluídas no estudo. Dados adicionais foram obtidos por meio de um questionário respondido pelos pais em 70% dos casos. RESULTADOS: Entre as crianças estudadas, observou-se 12% de desnutrição aguda, 1% de desnutrição pregressa e 16% de obesidade. O Teste de Denver II detectou 37% de suspeitos de atraso no desenvolvimento, sendo a linguagem a área mais acometida. A faixa etária mais comprometida foi a de 25 a 60 meses. O questionário mostrou que 87% das crianças receberam aleitamento materno (57% até o sexto mês), 96% das mães trabalhavam fora de casa, 54% delas possuíam ensino médio completo e 73% das famílias tinham renda máxima de dois salários-mínimos. CONCLUSÕES: A alta prevalência de distúrbios nutricionais e possíveis atrasos no desenvolvimento observados em crianças da creche Irmã Sheila mostraram a necessidade de introduzir dietas balanceadas, incentivando o desenvolvimento de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, além de alertar para a questão da interferência negativa dos fatores socioeconômicos e culturais no crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil.
ObjectiveFor transgender women (TW) on oestrogen therapy, the effects of prior exposure to testosterone during puberty on their performance, mainly cardiopulmonary capacity (CPC), while exerting physical effort are unknown. Our objective was to evaluate CPC and muscle strength in TW undergoing long-term gender-affirming hormone therapy.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out with 15 TW (34.2±5.2 years old), 13 cisgender men (CM) and 14 cisgender women (CW). The TW received hormone therapy for 14.4±3.5 years. Bioimpedance, the hand grip test and cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill with an incremental effort were performed.ResultsThe mean VO2peak (L/min) was 2606±416.9 in TW, 2167±408.8 in CW and 3358±436.3 in CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05; TW vs CM, p<0.0001; CW vs CM, p<0.0001). The O2 pulse in TW was between that in CW and CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05, TW vs CM, p<0.0001). There was a high correlation between VO2peak and fat-free mass/height2 among TW (r=0.7388; p<0.01), which was not observed in the other groups. The mean strength (kg) was 35.3±5.4 in TW, 29.7±3.6 in CW and 48.4±6.7 in CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05; TW vs CM, p<0.0001).ConclusionCPC in non-athlete TW showed an intermediate pattern between that in CW and CM. The mean strength and VO2 peak in non-athlete TW while performing physical exertion were higher than those in non-athlete CW and lower than those in CM.
Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is identified by mineralization of the basal ganglia and other brain regions in the absence of known causes. The condition is often inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and can manifest itself clinically with neuropsychiatric symptoms such as Parkinsonism, headaches, psychosis, and mood swings. Mutations in the SLC20A2 gene account for ~40% of inherited cases, and this gene encodes an inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT-2), a transmembrane protein associated with Pi homeostasis. The p.Y386X mutation in SLC20A2 was identified in a patient who presented migraines, brain calcification, and mild but chronic hypovitaminosis D. SLC20A2 c.1158C > G single-nucleotide heterozygous mutation results in a premature stop codon and a putative truncated protein of 385 amino acids. Proband parents do not present the mutation, which is also not present in major public SNP databases, suggesting a de novo sporadic trait. This study describes for the first time a de novo SLC20A2 mutation in a PFBC patient with migraine and mild hypovitaminosis D. This data further reinforces the pathogenic role of SLC20A2 mutations as causal factors in PFBC physiopathology.
RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional e descrever a prevalência de enteroparasitoses em crianças de uma creche.Métodos: Estudo transversal com 133 crianças (sete a 78 meses de idade) matriculadas na Creche "Sinharinha Neto", Catanduva (SP). Avaliou-se o estado nutricional pelas curvas da OMS/2006 e NCHS/2000 (menores e maiores de cinco anos, respectivamente) e investigou-se enteroparasitoses por meio de exames parasitológicos de fezes. O escore Z dos índices peso/altura foi aplicado para classificar desnutrição aguda (Z<-2) e obesidade (Z>2) e o da altura/idade para desnutrição pregressa e crônica (Z<-2). Para análise estatís-tica das variáveis, utilizou-se o teste Z para duas proporções, sendo significante p≤0,05.Resultados: Observou-se 0,8% de desnutrição aguda, 1,5% de desnutrição pregressa e 6% de obesidade. A prevalência de distúrbios nutricionais foi significativamente maior no gênero masculino. A prevalência de enteroparasitoses foi de 29,2%. Os parasitas encontrados foram Giardia lamblia (73,6%), Entamoeba coli e leveduras (10,5% cada) e Endolimax nana (7,9%). A faixa etária mais acometida foi de 25 a 60 meses (60,5%). A prevalência de Entamoeba coli e leveduras foi significativamente maior em crianças desnutridas em comparação às eutróficas.Conclusões: A transição nutricional é comprovada nas crianças da creche "Sinharinha Neto". A melhora na qualidade de vida contribuiu para o desaparecimento de algumas parasitoses, mas não afetou de forma efetiva a ocorrência de giardíase. Seria benéfico adotar medidas preventivas contra a obesidade infantil e as protozooses, tanto na creche como nos domicílios.Endereço para correspondência: Terezinha Soares Biscegli Rua Fortaleza, 95 -Jardim Ferreira CEP 15840-000 -Itajobi/SP E-mail: terezinhabiscegli@yahoo.com.br Recebido em: 7/11/08 Aprovado em: 1/3/09 Palavras-chave: criança; creches; estado nutricional; parasitoses. ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the nutritional status and the prevalence of intestinal parasitic diseases among children enrolled in a day care center.Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 133 children, aged seven to 78 months, assisted in a nonprofit day care center in Catanduva, SP, Brazil. The nutritional status was classified according to WHO/2006 and NCHS/2000 curves (younger and older than five years, respectively). Faecal samples were collected for parasite examination. Z scores of weight/height were used to classify acute malnutrition (Z<-2) and obesity (Z>2), and height/age to classify past and chronic malnutrition (Z<-2). Statistical analyses were performed by Z test for proportions, beeing significant p≤0.05.Results: Among the evaluated children, 0.8% presented acute malnutrition, 1.5% past malnutrition and 6% obesity. Nutritional disorders were more prevalent among boys. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 29.2%. The parasites identified were Giardia lamblia (73.6%), Entamoeba coli and yeasts (10.5% each) and Endolimax nana (7.9%). Children aged 25 to 60 months presented more parasites (60.5%). Entamoeba coli and yeas...
An epidemiological survey of the prevalence of xerophthalmia was conducted in the state of Paraiba through 10,922 clinical examinations of 0 to 12 yr old children from six localities representative of the three different ecological regions of Paraiba. The regional distribution of clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency was markedly different, and in the semiarid region (Sertão) the prevalence reached levels suggesting that it was a public health problem in that area. Seasonal variations were observed and were specially significant in the "Sertão," with xerophthalmia signs appearing more frequently during the interharvest period. This seems to be the first report with documented active cases of xerophthalmia in this region of Brazil.
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