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Inorganic perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as an unprecedented class of optoelectronic materials due to their notable properties. However, their inherent poor stability has become the main impediment restricting the broad applications of PQDs. Herein, with the aim to enhance the stability of PQDs, we developed a photocatalytic polymerization strategy to encapsulate CsPbBr3 PQDs into a polyaniline (PANI) polymer matrix. The resultant CsPbBr3/PANI composite showed exceptional water stability, with its structure and morphology remaining unchanged even after being immersed in water for 4 weeks. Furthermore, the CsPbBr3/PANI composite could maintain approximately 93% of its original photoluminescence (PL) intensity after 4 weeks, while that of pristine CsPbBr3 was fully quenched along with structure degradation. More impressively, the CsPbBr3/PANI composite exhibited improved charge transport properties due to the electrical conductivity of the PANI protective layer, leading to enhanced photoelectrochemical activity in water. This work provides some insights into the rational design of PQDs with high stability and photoelectric properties for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.

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In this study, silica modified with a 30-membered macrocyclic polyamine was synthesized and first used as an adsorbent material in SPE. The SPE was further combined with ionic liquid (IL) dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were employed as model analytes to evaluate the extraction procedure and were determined by HPLC combined with UV/Vis detection. Acetone was used as the elution solvent in SPE as well as the dispersive solvent in DLLME. The enrichment of analytes was achieved using the 1,3-dibutylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide IL/acetone/water system. Experimental conditions for the overall macrocycle-SPE-IL-DLLME method, such as the amount of adsorbent, sample solution volume, sample solution pH, type of elution solvent as well as addition of salt, were studied and optimized. The developed method could be successfully applied to the analysis of four real water samples. The macrocyclic polyamine offered higher extraction efficiency for analytes compared with commercially available C18 cartridge, and the developed method provided higher enrichment factors (2768-5409) for model analytes compared with the single DLLME. Good linearity with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9983 to 0.9999 and LODs as low as 0.002 μg/L were obtained in the proposed method.

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