Water is an indispensable resource for the maintenance of life; however, the available volume for consumption has decreased over a period of life, as a result of which, the availability of water that is inferior in quality has increased. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of okra (Santa Cruz cultivar) under different nitrogen rates and irrigation facilities using post-treated domestic wastewater through sand filter with intermittent flow in a Brazilian semiarid region. The experiment was performed in the Pombal region of the Paraíba state, Brazil using a randomized block design with six nitrogen Rates (N 1 = 0, N 2 = 40, N 3 = 80, N 4 = 120, N 5 = 160, and N 6 = 200 kg ha -1 ) and irrigation by using wastewater. The water was added to the treatment with 100% (160 kg ha -1 ) using nitrogen fertilization recommendation and irrigation water supply. The effects of treatments on the growth and production variables of okra plants were evaluated.

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The objectives of the present study were to morphologically characterize the seeds, study post-seminal development, and report the best treatment to overcoming dormancy of colubrina (Colubrina glandulosa Perkins). Eight replicates of 100 seeds were weighed and the length, width, and thickness of each seed were measured for the physical characterization. External and internal aspects were considered for the morphological description of the seeds. Seven pre-germination treatments were used to overcoming dormancy: (T 1) intact seeds; immersion in sulfuric acid for 60 (T 2) and 90 min (T 3); (T 4) manual scarification in the region opposite the hilum; (T 5) immersion in water at 80°C, followed by standing in the same water outside the heat for 24 hours at room temperature; and immersion in distilled water for 24 (T 6) and 48 hours (T 7). The germinative process was recorded for 19 days in the post-seminal study. The variables analyzed were germination, first count, speed, average germination time, germination uncertainty and synchrony, seedling length, and dry mass. This was a completely randomized designed study, with four replicates of 25 seeds in each treatment. The seeds were morphologically highly variable. The testal and the embryo were the invaginated type. Germination was epigeal and the phanerocotyledonal type. Manual scarification induced maximum germinability in the mean time, resulting in a unimodal distribution of the relative frequency and high synchronization of germination, which allowed for the maximum number of highly vigorous seedlings. These results indicate a treatment for overcoming dormancy in C. glandulosa.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;">O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de caracterizar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes crioulas de feijão comum cultivadas nos municípios de São João-PE, Lajedo-PE, Caetés-PE e União dos Palmares-AL. As sementes foram doadas por agricultores familiares das respectivas cidades. O trabalho foi conduzido no Laboratório de Propagação de Plantas pertencente ao Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CECA), Campus Delza Gitaí, da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: teor de água (TA), peso de mil sementes (PMS), primeira contagem de emergência (PCE), emergência (EMER) de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), comprimento da parte aérea (PA) e raiz e massa seca de plântulas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento. As variedades crioulas de feijão comum apresentam percentual de emergência acima dos padrões mínimos exigidos para comercialização. O lote de sementes proveniente de São João-PE apresentou qualidade fisiológica superior em relação aos demais municípios.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;">Palavras-chave: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;">Agricultura familiar, <em>Phaseolus vulgaris </em>L., produção, germinação, vigor</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"> </p>