Aim: The authors have proposed to assess peripheral adenopathies in a series of hospitalized children in order to identify and define clinical and morphological profiles of different types of lymph node (LN) diseases. Materials and Methods: The studied group consisted of 58 patients less than 18 years of age. The investigation algorithm included: gender, age, site, involvement, side, extension and histopathological (HP) type of LN lesions. Tissue fragments were processed using classical histological techniques (formalin fixation and paraffin embedment) and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). In some cases (tuberculous lesions and lymphomas), special stainings (Ziehl-Neelsen) and immunohistochemistry were used. Stratification scales of cases were defined according to each parameter in order to compare the data. All obtained data were assessed individually, compared to each other and with similar data from the literature with the help of a statistical apparatus [χ 2 (chi-squared) test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test] in some cases. Results: The young patients were slightly more frequently boys, of all ages but with a mean age of 10 and half years. The affected LNs belonged most often to neck region, either on the left or on the right side but sometimes bilateral or even on the midline; usually, more than one LN was involved in the area. In most of the cases, the lesions were localized in only one LN area. HP picture was dominated by the inflammatory processes, firstly the nonspecific ones, followed by tuberculosis. Discussions: Our observations fitted, for each parameter, with the wide ranges found in the literature. Comparisons between parameters' variations revealed differences, sometimes significant that we tried to organize in clinical and morphological profiles. Conclusions: The assessment of our data allowed us to define some clinical and morphological profiles of different types of adenopathy that, by improvement on studies including larger series, could be of real use in daily pediatric practice.

The finite element method (FEM) is a computational method that can solve all biomechanical problems, including the field of orthodontics. The purpose of this virtual experimental study is to determine the behavior of a real orthodontic system subjected to different systems of loads. To analyze the real orthodontic system, we studied the case of a 21-year-old female patient. We used the InVesalius program, which can transform a set of DICOM-type images taken from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) into three-dimensional structures. These structures were edited, modified, completed, and analyzed from a geometric point of view with the help of the Geomagic software. The final result of these operations must be a three-dimensional model made up of perfectly closed surfaces so that they can be transformed into virtual solids. The model consisting of perfectly closed surfaces is loaded into computer-aided design (CAD) programs. Bracket and tube components, as well as orthodontic wires, can be added to these models, similar to the analyzed patient’s tissues. When the model is complete and geometrically correct, it is exported to a program that uses FEM, such as Ansys Workbench. The simulation was performed for the forces of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 N. The intention was to determine the behavior of the entire orthodontic system for these force values. After running the simulations, result maps were obtained that were composed of displacement, strain, and stress diagrams. It was also found that, in addition to the known rigidity, the orthodontic system has some elasticity due to the orthodontic wires, as well as the periodontal ligaments. Thus, a virtual analysis study can be carried out starting from a real patient with pre-treatment CBCT images and the virtual models of the bracket and tube elements and of the orthodontic wires.

A dental prosthesis will only be successful if the restoration lasts for a long period and does not cause any illness. The presence of permanent prosthetic restorations has been linked to an increased risk of periodontal infections, according to a large body of research that has been gathered. When chronic inflammation is brought on by fixed prosthetic constructions, both cellular and noncellular immunity are activated as adaptive immune mechanisms. It has previously been stated that both clinically adequate and inadequate restorations might cause gingival inflammation. Areas surrounding the abutment teeth presented periodontal pockets, attachment loss, congestion, bleeding on probing, and gingival hyperplasia after fixed restorations were removed. The depth of pockets, bleeding on probing, and bone loss are all closely correlated with disease’s severity and IL-1β concentration in gingival crevicular fluid; IL-1β shows higher values in disease sites than in healthy ones. hs-CRP and TNF-α blood levels showed a considerable reduction one day after fixed restorations were applied, in comparison with the pre-treatment values. Collaboration between prosthodontists and periodontists is essential for a good treatment outcome since it will increase the restoration’s lifespan, enhance periodontal health, and improve the quality of life for dental patients.

Levodopa (L-dopa), a precursor of dopamine, remained the gold standard among antiparkinsonian drugs and virtually, in different stages, all patients will require the more powerful symptomatic effect of L-dopa. In addition, continuous Levodopa/Carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) infusion therapy, via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and a portable infusion pump, is well established for the treatment of advanced Parkinson�s disease (PD), substantially improving motor symptoms and quality of life in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of LCGI depending the PD motor subtypes and age at onset of the disease. Seventy patients diagnosed with PD were included in our study. The Unified Parkinson�s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) was performed in on state. The patients were classified as tremor-dominant type (TDT), akinetic-rigid type (ART) and mixed type (MT). Depending on form of levodopa, thirty-six patients were on L-dopa orally and thirty-four patients were on LCIG. The results of our study showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between the age at onset of PD and the motor subtype of the disease. Also, we observed that the lower the age at diagnosis, the more our patients have reached the need for LCGI. Regarding the motor subtype, our study showed that the mixed typed request more frequent LCGI. Our data show that age and motor profile at onset can predict the necessity of advanced therapy.