BackgroundHistorically, aquatic environments are linked to the worldview of many local people, where there is an interconnection between the natural world, the supernatural, and the social organization. In this study, we provided a discussion on how the supernatural beings that inhabit the freshwater systems interact with artisanal fishers and fishing resources in the riverine community of Parnaíba River middle course, in Mid North of Northeast Brazil. We also provided the implications of these interactions on the fisher’s behaviors and how the acculturation process (e.g., introduction of new religions) can affect the fishers’ worldview.MethodThe selection of participants was done through intentional sampling. The content qualitative analysis was carried out to interpret the data from semi-structured interviews with 29 artisanal fishers.ResultsThe mythical representations that inhabit the aquatic environments in the surveyed area were as follows: Mãe d’ água, Cabeça de cuia, Muleque d’água, Visage, Piratinga, Sucuiuiu, and Luz e Arco-íris. These beings have distinctions regarding the form and attributions and can be associated with seasonality (temporal markers) and specific habitats (spatial markers). The respect and fear feeling of the mythical beings were striking among the fishers interviewed. For instance, we have record offering practices in order to obtain protection and success during the fisheries. These practices suggest that there may be local conservationist habits in fisheries management. However, the advancement of urbanization and the introduction of new religions that deny the existence of mythical entities are factors that can generate the acculturation process among the fishers.ConclusionsIt is therefore necessary to carry out more studies in the surveyed area in order to evaluate the existence of possible patterns in the relationship between fisher and mythical beings. This information could confirm the role of mythical beings as environmental regulators. Consequently, it could be considered in the conservationist policies of fishery resources, reinforcing the importance of local knowledge and cultural factors for fishing management approaches.

Para o reconhecimento da complexidade dos determinantes sociais da vida e da saúde das pessoas trans, faz-se necessário a implementação de políticas públicas que diminuam o estigma e contribuam com o processo saúde-doença. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a patologização do gênero no processo de violações de Direitos Humanos da população transexual no atendimento pelo Sistema Único de Saúde no Brasil. A pesquisa em comento foi predominantemente elaborada sob enfoque bibliográfico, ao trazer discussões de livros e artigos científicos especializados, entre os anos de 2003 e 2018, e pesquisar as palavras-chave em indexadores de artigos. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa apontam a violação sistemática de Direitos Humanos e sociais em função das expressões normatizadas de masculinidade e feminilidade no diagnóstico de transexualidade pelos profissionais de saúde do SUS. Ainda, remete para o necessário questionamento de valores morais hegemônicos que permeiam a própria busca pela justiça social da população transexual que sustenta a diversidade como valor social a ser preservado diante das violações de Direitos Humanos a que estão submetidos em função da sexualidade e das performances de gênero no Sistema Único de Saúde.