ResumoOs manipuladores são a principal via de contaminação dos alimentos, o que pode levar ao surto de doenças transmitidas por alimentos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos manipuladores dos Restaurantes Públicos Populares (RPP) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro sobre boas práticas de manipulação de alimentos, relacioná-las à sua capacitação e esta com as condições higiênico-sanitárias dos RPP. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, realizado entre outubro/2007 e janeiro/2008 em dez RPP. Um questionário composto de 17 questões fechadas e abertas, sendo 8 relativas ao conhecimento sobre boas práticas de manipulação, foi aplicado a 103 manipuladores de alimentos. Foi aplicado o teste de correlação entre as varáveis nível de conhecimento dos manipuladores, capacitação nos RPP e condições higiênico-sanitárias dos RPP. O conhecimento dos manipuladores, em média, foi considerado regular (56,09%), sendo que os RPP 3 e 10 obtiveram nível de conhecimento deficiente, respectivamente, 48,3 e 49,1% de respostas corretas e em nenhum dos RPP foi constatado bom nível de conhecimento sobre boas práticas de manipulação. Houve correlação positiva entre a existência de capacitação e a avaliação higiênico-sanitária dos RPP, assim como com o nível de conhecimento. Conclui-se que foi regular o percentual de respostas corretas obtido sobre boas práticas, o que reforça que cabe investir na capacitação dos manipuladores de alimentos, sendo um desafio encontrar a melhor didática para esta prática de forma que não só atenda aos anseios dos trabalhadores, mas também às exigências da legislação sanitária. Palavras-chave: Manipuladores de alimentos; Capacitação; Boas práticas de manipulação; Restaurantes. SummaryThe food handlers are the main contamination route for foods and can lead to food poisoning outbreaks. Thus the objective of the present study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of the food handlers working in popular public restaurants (PPR) in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil on good practices in food handling, and relate this to their training, and their training to the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the PPR. This was an exploratory study, carried out between October/2007 and January/2008 in ten PPR. A questionnaire consisting of 17 closed and open questions, of which 8 concerned their knowledge about good handling practices, was applied to 103 food handlers. Statistical tests were applied to test for correlation between the various levels of knowledge of the handlers, their training in the PPR and the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the PPR. On average, the knowledge of the food handlers was considered to be regular (56.09%), although those working in PPR 3 and 10 showed poor levels of knowledge of, respectively, 48.3 and 49.1% of correct answers. None of the PPR showed good levels of knowledge concerning handling practices. There was positive correlation between the existence of training and the evaluation of the sanitary-hygienic conditions of the PPR, as well as the level of knowledge. It was conclu...
This study focuses on the relationship between the work process in a food and nutrition unit and workers' health, in the words of the participants themselves. Direct observation, a semistructured interview, and focus groups were used to collect the data. The reference was the dialogue between human ergonomics and work psychodynamics. The results showed that work
The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge of breastfeeding issues among post-partum women who had participated in a prenatal program at the Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UFRJ) Maternity Teaching Hospital. The sample totaled 135 post-partum women who answered a structured questionnaire with objective questions about practical and theoretical aspects of breastfeeding. The women had begun prenatal care at the 16th week of gestation on average, with an average of 8 medical consultations. Some 53.3% stated having received information about breastfeeding during prenatal care, and 22.2% stated that the information they remembered the best was that they should breastfeed for the first 6 months. Regarding the best moment for the first feeding, 50.4% identified it as immediately after delivery. Some 47.4% said breastfeeding protects the child from diseases. Thus, although the mothers demonstrated basic knowledge about breastfeeding, issues like the best moment for the first feeding, the importance of colostrum, and nutritional aspects for nursing mothers require further clarification during prenatal care and the immediate post-partum period.
Os guias dietéticos baseados nos alimentos têm objetivo de favorecer a educação nutricional, utilizando termos que sejam compreensíveis, simples e claros para a maioria dos consumidores e indicando as modificações necessárias nos padrões alimentares. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre o desenvolvimento dos guias alimentares em vários países. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico no período de 1991 a 2006 nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs, utilizando como palavras-chave "guia alimentar", "guia dietético" e "desenvolvimento de guia dietético" com o intuito de aprofundar os seguintes itens: elaboração, avaliação, implantação e problemas metodológicos relacionados ao desenvolvimento dos mesmos. Desde 1996, vêm sendo publicadas orientações pelo Comite de Alimentação e Nutrição/Organização Mundial de Saúde para elaboração dos guias alimentares e vários países os desenvolveram de acordo com essas recomendações, apesar dos diversos problemas metodológicos enfrentados. Após o desenvolvimento dos guias alimentares, os maiores desafios são a implantação e a avaliação. Dentre as estratégias para sua divulgação destaca-se a elaboração de ferramentas de educação nutricional, tais como: representação gráfica, folder, apostila e pôster. Com relação à avaliação dos guias alimentares, poucos países realizaram pesquisas abordando o conhecimento e o entendimento dos consumidores. Conclui-se que o processo de desenvolvimento dos guias alimentares é complexo e é necessário realizar um planejamento para sua implantação e avaliação, esta última devendo se voltar tanto ao entendimento como ao impacto sobre a saúde da população. Termos de indexação:Educação alimentar e nutricional. Guias alimentares. Nutrição em saúde pública. A B S T R A C TFood-based dietary guidelines have the objective of favoring nutrition education using terms which are understandable, simple and clear for most consumers, indicating the necessary modifications in food patterns.
Environmental problems that result from increases in the generation of urban solid waste are compounded by the inadequate management of wastes generated by large-scale meal production at Food and Nutrition Units (FNUs). With the growth of eating out sector, solid waste management of FNUs should be focused on minimizing waste generation, while considering all regulations enforced, including those related to hygienic quality of food. The goal of this study was to determine the quantities and types of waste generated by a university cafeteria in Brazil to help implement a solid waste management plan that adhered to the Brazilian National Policy on Solid Waste. For this purpose, the waste generated during each stage of the meal production process was weighed according to its type for 21 days. Additionally, structured observations were conducted to identify adopted waste management practices and further opportunities for waste reduction at the facility. During this study, 6,553.5 kg of waste was generated, of which 82.6% resulted from organic food waste and 17.4% resulted from recyclable and other residual waste. Based on the collected data and structured observations, certain recommendations were provided for reducing the waste generated during cafeteria processes and for modifying the cafeteria activities to meet environmental and hygienic-sanitary requirements. The analysis presented in this study could guide the implementation of waste management plans in similar establishments that seek sustainability in meal production and that intends to comply with current legislation.
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