Both high physical activity and high calcium intake were associated with a higher bone mineral density, while overweight showed the opposite effect. Diet habits and exercise must be considered the main strategies to prevent adult osteoporosis during childhood.
Prevalence of overweight and obese was 6 and 1%. Excess weight status does not offer any benefit in pulmonary function in comparison to normally nourished patients.
PALABRAS CLAVENutrición; Osteoporosis; Salud ósea; Pico de masa ósea; Infancia
ResumenMantener un adecuado estado nutricional en todas las etapas de la vida es decisivo para lograr un metabolismo óseo que favorezca la salud. La osteoporosis se caracteriza por una alteración en la cantidad y calidad de la mineralización ósea, lo que origina una fragilidad del esqueleto con riesgo aumentado de fracturas, especialmente vertebrales y de cadera. Es un problema público a nivel mundial, que afecta a una proporción elevada de hombres y mujeres, y que se desarrolla de forma asintomática hasta que se manifiesta de forma imprevista y causa una fractura del esqueleto. Estudios en niños han demostrado que el desarrollo de osteoporosis en la edad adulta puede verse condicionada por el estado nutricional durante la infancia, especialmente en lo referente a los aportes de calcio y vitamina D. No obstante, existen aún muchas cuestiones abiertas, tanto en lo referente a su patogenia y diagnóstico como a su tratamiento; algunas de éstas se revisan en este trabajo. & 2009 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados.
KEYWORDSNutrition; Osteoporosis; Bone health; Peak bone mass; Children Nutrition and bone health in children Abstract Adequate nutrient intake is an important component of maintaining bone health, and should be encouraged in all age groups. Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are reduced, leading to weakness of the skeleton and increased risk of fracture, particularly of the spine and hip. Osteoporosis is a global public health problem which currently affects a great proportion of women and men, and is increasing in significance as the population of the world both grows in size and lives longer. Bone loss does not have any symptoms, and often the first sign of having osteoporosis is a fracture.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.