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PALABRAS CLAVENutrición; Osteoporosis; Salud ósea; Pico de masa ósea; Infancia ResumenMantener un adecuado estado nutricional en todas las etapas de la vida es decisivo para lograr un metabolismo óseo que favorezca la salud. La osteoporosis se caracteriza por una alteración en la cantidad y calidad de la mineralización ósea, lo que origina una fragilidad del esqueleto con riesgo aumentado de fracturas, especialmente vertebrales y de cadera. Es un problema público a nivel mundial, que afecta a una proporción elevada de hombres y mujeres, y que se desarrolla de forma asintomática hasta que se manifiesta de forma imprevista y causa una fractura del esqueleto. Estudios en niños han demostrado que el desarrollo de osteoporosis en la edad adulta puede verse condicionada por el estado nutricional durante la infancia, especialmente en lo referente a los aportes de calcio y vitamina D. No obstante, existen aún muchas cuestiones abiertas, tanto en lo referente a su patogenia y diagnóstico como a su tratamiento; algunas de éstas se revisan en este trabajo. & 2009 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados. KEYWORDSNutrition; Osteoporosis; Bone health; Peak bone mass; Children Nutrition and bone health in children Abstract Adequate nutrient intake is an important component of maintaining bone health, and should be encouraged in all age groups. Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are reduced, leading to weakness of the skeleton and increased risk of fracture, particularly of the spine and hip. Osteoporosis is a global public health problem which currently affects a great proportion of women and men, and is increasing in significance as the population of the world both grows in size and lives longer. Bone loss does not have any symptoms, and often the first sign of having osteoporosis is a fracture.

A study has been carried out to assess the mucociliary function of nasal mucosa in 30 patients: 16 had undergone surgery due to larynx malignancy and the remaining 14 were divided in two groups. The first group was composed of seven patients suffering from larynx cancer but not operated, and the second group of seven had pathology not related to the airways (control group). The method used a 99mtechnetium sulphur colloid drop deposited on the nasal mucosa of one nostril. To calculate the rate of transport, a new method of quantification has been introduced, based on the formation of a parametric image. The mean velocity in laryngectomees was 3.6 mm/min (range 1.1-6.4). It was compared with the group of 14 patients without tracheostomy (mean 5.3, range 3.3-8.2). An impaired Student's-t-test gave a significant difference between both groups (P less than 0.005). The comparison between patients with nonoperated larynx cancer and normals gave a nonsignificant difference. The 16 operated patients were arbitrarily divided into two groups as per the time elapsed from laryngectomy; seven were studied within the first 3 years of operation and seven other patients after this term. The comparison between them was not significant.

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