 | El estudio de la migración interna se ha basado tradicionalmente en una concepción banal del espacio, sin tener en cuenta cómo las representaciones regionales, el espacio construido socialmente, afectan la decisión de migrar a otra sociológico del discurso para identi car los discursos de los futuros profesionales de otras regiones de Chile sobre la Región de Antofagasta, área minera localizada en el norte del país. A pesar de la prosperidad creciente de esta región durante las dos últimas décadas, los discursos que la representan poseen una denotación negativa, con distintos rasgos según la distancia socioespacial a esta región y el género del hablante. Estas representaciones podrían limitar la llegada de migrantes cali cados   | migración, sociología urbana, desarrollo regional y local.  | Research on internal migration has been traditionally based on a banal conception of space, without taking into account how regional representations, the socially constructed space, a ect the decision of migrating to another region. is work uses the methodologies of discussion group and sociological discourse analysis to identify the discourses of future professionals from other regions in

ResumenFrente al paradigma económico neoclásico, hegemónico en la explicación del salario, se presenta el paradigma sociológico de la Reproducción Social, a partir de la obra de Pierre Bourdieu, para dar cuenta de la diferencia salarial en Chile. Después de exponer y comparar ambos paradigmas teóricos, se describe el caso de estudio, destacando las peculiaridades del modelo neoliberal chileno. Para comparar la capacidad explicativa de ambos enfoques, se estima el salario de los chilenos mediante la encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional 2009 (CASEN) a partir de dos modelos estadísticos, el modelo neoclásico basado en las ecuaciones de Mincer y un modelo que trata de capturar empíricamente los factores explicativos propios del paradigma de la Reproducción Social. Los resultados indican que, en el caso de Chile, el modelo Reproductivo tiene mayor capacidad explicativa que el Neoclásico, tanto para el conjunto de los asalariados, como para cada una de las generaciones que lo componen. PalabRas ClaveBourdieu; Modelo Reproductivo; Sociología económica; Teoría Neoclásica. abstRaCtWe use the sociological paradigm of Social Reproduction, proposed by the work of Pierre Bourdieu, to explain the wage gap in Chile, in opposition to the Neoclassical economic paradigm, currently hegemonic in the analysis of wage differentials. We expose and compare both theoretical paradigms and describe the case study highlighting the peculiarities of the Chilean neoliberal model. We estimate the salary of the Chilean population in order to explain the explanatory capacity of both theoretical approaches. We estimate two statistical models using the National Socioeconomic Characterization survey (CASEN 2009), firstly, the Neoclassical model based on Mincer equations and, secondly, a model that tries to empirically capture the explanatory factors specific to the paradigm of Social Reproduction. The results indicate that, in the case of Chile, the Reproductive model has greater explanatory power than the Neoclassical model, both for the whole group of workers, and for each of the generations of this group.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to characterize the immigrant entrepreneurs of the Region of Antofagasta and identify their contribution to local development. Design/methodology/approach This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire were carried out with a sample of 314 immigrant entrepreneurs in the city of Antofagasta. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and mean difference. Findings The results show a new type of entrepreneur that cannot be fully described by the theories developed for South–North immigrant entrepreneurs. The concept of the South–South entrepreneur is therefore proposed, in order to categorise these entrepreneurs and explain their behaviour, with the conclusion that this group makes a significant contribution to the local economy, both in terms of job and wealth creation and by broadening the availability of goods and services. Practical implications Given that immigrant entrepreneurs are a valuable socio-economic asset to the city in terms of job and wealth creation and service diversification, public administrations should endeavour to support these individuals and attract them to the city. Social implications Knowledge of the contribution of this group will lead to a greater acceptance of immigrants who have recently been rejected by certain sectors of the population. Originality/value This study reveals the existence of a group of immigrant entrepreneurs whose characteristics and contribution to local development were previously not known.

The Royal Institute Elcano 1 (Real Instituto Elcano) in Spain is a prestigious independent political institute whose mission is to comment on the political situation in the world focusing on its relation to Spain. As part of its dissemination strategy it operates a public website. In this paper we present and evaluate the application of a semantic search engine to improve access to the Institute's content: instead of retrieving documents based on user queries of keywords, the system accepts queries in natural language and returns answers rather than links to documents. Topics that will be discussed include ontology construction, automatic ontology population, semantic access through a natural language interface and a failure analysis.

Resumen: Existe una carencia de trabajos sociológicos sobre la Educación Superior Chilena, especialmente de los enmarcados en las teorías de la reproducción social. Este artículo estudia, desde la teoría de Bourdieu, la trayectoria escolar de los estudiantes de la Universidad Católica del Norte (Chile). Se identifican cuatro momentos vitales de dicha trayectoria, I) la elección del tipo de colegio, II) los resultados en la prueba de acceso a la universidad, III) la elección del tipo de carrera y VI) el éxito en dicha carrera, que se analizan mediante árboles de clasificación y regresión, y coeficientes de localización, con información correspondiente al periodo [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007]. Los resultados muestran cómo el sistema escolar transforma el origen social de los estudiantes en atributos individuales, y cómo continúan sus efectos después de ingresar en la universidad.Palabras clave: trayectoria escolar, origen social, reproducción social, elección racional. Social determinants of school career in chilean college students. The case of the Catholic University of the North.Abstract: There is a lack of sociological work on Chilean higher education, especially works framed in theories of social reproduction. This article examines, from Bourdieu's theory, the school careers of students from the Catholic University of the North (Chile). Four vital moments of this trajectory are identified, i) the choice of school, II) the results in the entrance examination to college, III) the choice of career and VI) the success in it. These moments are analyzed using classification and regression trees, and coefficients of localization, with information for the period 2002-2007. The results show how the school system transforms the social origins of students in individual attributes, and how the effect of these attributes persist after entering college.