Urban agriculture (UA) can be used as an action to promote sustainability in cities and inform public health policies for urban populations. Despite this growing recognition, its implementation still presents challenges in countries in the Global North and Global South. Background: In this context, this systematic review aims to identify the development of frameworks for the implementation of UA as a sustainable action and its main opportunities and shortcomings in meeting urban socio-environmental demands. Methods: In this review, using the PRISMA protocol, we evaluated 26 studies on the interplay between UA and sustainability surveyed on the Web of Science to provide an overview of the state of the art. Conclusions: In summary, it was possible to identify many key challenges in UA adoption, which regard air and soil contamination, availability of green areas, layout of urban infrastructure, food distribution, among others. Due to numerous socio-economic and environmental contextual factors in cities, especially when comparing realities of the Global North and Global South, there is a need to develop a model that can be adaptable to these different contexts. Thus, it is recognized that the concept of sustainability does not present a universal understanding and that in its search it could be argued that one of the most important gaps is still to address social issues in relation to environmental ones.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os benefícios observados após a implementação de uma horta escolar em Associação que atende pessoas com deficiências no município de Paiçandu/PR. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo que analisou as percepções de indivíduos envolvidos com o projeto da horta, as quais foram coletadas de professores da instituição, pais de alunos matriculados e funcionários da empresa que atuaram no projeto. Entre os resultados, foi possível observar distintos benefícios da horta, especialmente concernentes a aspectos sociais, pedagógicos, alimentares e ambientais. Observou-se relatos positivos de pais e professores, particularmente relacionados às áreas social e pedagógica. Destaca-se também o papel de transformação socioambiental exercido pela empresa envolvida no projeto.
This study aimed to assess the environmental impacts of waste generation and the WF of raw materials used to provide meals to workers in a public hospital in southern Brazil over the course of the four seasons. This is a descriptive case study with a quantitative approach. The food raw materials that composed meals during 2019 were grouped by type of input. The items included from each food group were those which represented at least 85% (Multiple Criteria ABC Analysis) of the total amount used in kilograms within the respective group, in each month. The generation of residues from fruits, vegetables, and meat was estimated, as well as the WF of the items. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used with a significance of 5%. Out of the 96 food inputs used, 49 items represented 86% of the total in kg, being the ones from which the environmental impacts were calculated. During the year, 435,411 meals were served. As for the number of diners, the highest frequency was observed in the winter and lowest in the summer. The annual waste percentage of the fruits acquired was 33.8%, being higher in the summer than in other seasons. Animal products were responsible for 64.2% of the WF, being higher in the winter. Assessing user frequencies, climatic conditions, and raw-material selection are important measures for the appropriate management of foodservices, as well as for assessing their environmental impacts.
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O desenvolvimento urbano e o intenso crescimento populacional contribuíram para alguns dos desafios que as cidades enfrentam atualmente. Diante disso, há um interesse crescente em cidades mais autossustentáveis e vários centros ao redor do mundo já estão reconhecendo o diferencial que a presença de hortas urbanas pode fornecer a estas regiões. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi mapear os conceitos e benefícios das hortas urbanas no cenário mundial e brasileiro. Para tanto, é apresentado o histórico da agricultura urbana junto com as diferentes modalidades existentes, seguido por uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática a respeito dos benefícios da sua implementação via Portal periódicos da CAPES. Os resultados corroboram as diversas vantagens observadas mundialmente, em nível social, ambiental e em nível econômico. O Brasil promoveu, nas últimas décadas, políticas a nível federal, estadual e municipal com o objetivo de apoiar projetos de hortas comunitárias no sentido de exercer papel fomentador para a redução da pobreza e para a garantia de segurança alimentar.
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