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This article discusses several studies on the use of iodine for the disinfection of water: the 1958 study of the effectiveness of iodine for the disinfection of swimming pools at the University of Florida; the 1963 study of two water systems serving three prisons at Lowell, Florida; and, the 1964 study of the presence of pollution and the role that iodine might play as a viricide in the water system of Gainesville, Florida. The article briefly discusses a sensitive and reproducible colorimetric method for the determination of iodine, iodide, and iodate ion residuals in water. The method allows for the accurate determination of iodine in the presence of a coexisting free or combined chlorine residual. With simple modification, a free chlorine residual may be rapidly and accurately determined without interference from high concentrations of combined chlorine, at relatively high water temperatures. Total chlorine is determined by the addition of iodide and the combined chlorine is obtained by the difference.

This paper compares the effectiveness of chlorine and iodine for the disinfection of swimming pool water. Among other factors it deals with chemical reactivity, bacteriological effectiveness, effect on pH, relative cost, algae control, and esthetic factors. Part II will appear in the April issue of this Journal.

Field surveys were conducted in Lake Chickamauga, Tenn., to determine the effects from wastewater discharge from the Volunteer Army Ammunition Plan. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is the principal munitions component manufactured at this facility, and process wastes contain a complex mixture of compounds associated with the production of this explosive. Effects from the waste stream via selected components were established in periphyton and the macroinvertebrate communities, utilizing the Pinkham-Pearson Biotic Similarity Analysis. Less success was achieved in assessing impact by employing the Shannon-Weaver diversity theory. The utility of standard artificial substrates in periphyton studies was realized by comparing effects between community structures on natural substrates and glass slides. The results of the investigation show that effects on fixed biological communities from wastewater components of TNT manufacture can be detected at concentrations in the microgram per litre range.